Frequency control of islanded microgrid based on wind-PV-diesel-battery hybrid energy sources

Ma, Yiwei; Yang, Ping; Wang, Yuewu; Zhou, Shaoxiong; He, Peng

doi:10.1109/icems.2014.7013494

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Islanded microgrids are responsible for their voltage and frequency stability. These microgrids usually consist of both SGs and DGs which are operated in parallel [2]. In comparison to the conventional power grid, isolated microgrids have a much higher penetration of DGs which are either inertia less or possess very low inertia [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model for Frequency Dynamics in an Islanded Microgrid and Primary Frequency Control Based on Disturbance Compensation

Hussain

Shireen

2021

IEEE Access

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Islanded microgrids have low inertia due to a large penetration of non-inertial inverter based power sources. In such systems, the primary frequency controller (PFC) faces the issue of a higher rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) and large peak frequency deviation in case of a sudden change in load or generation loss. The frequency control becomes more challenging as the variation in the frequency of different sources is not synchronized. This paper proposes a model for frequency dynamics in an islanded microgrid comprised of both inverter based distributed generators (DGs) and synchronous generators (SGs). The model is developed considering the asynchronous variation of frequency among the SGs. Based on the developed model, a novel disturbance compensation-based PFC is proposed. The PFC controls the reference power of a battery energy storage system (BESS) which is operated in gridfollowing mode and compensates for the power imbalance in the microgrid. The performance of the proposed model and the PFC is verified using Typhoon real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulation.INDEX TERMS Microgrid modeling, frequency control, battery energy storage, model-based control, disturbance observer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model for Frequency Dynamics in an Islanded Microgrid and Primary Frequency Control Based on Disturbance Compensation

Hussain

Shireen

2021

IEEE Access

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“…In fact, over the last decade, some studies have already focused on this topic. However, most of the works proposed are based on including energy storage systems [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], demand response [35], and electric vehicles [36], or using independent frequency controllers for VSWT and PV power plants [37][38][39]. In contrast to the previous studies, this paper proposes a hybrid wind-PV frequency control strategy in which the VSWTs' rotational speed deviation is the proportional-integral (PI) controller input of the PV frequency response strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Wind–PV Frequency Control Strategy under Variable Weather Conditions in Isolated Power Systems

et al. 2020

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Over the last two decades, variable renewable energy technologies (i.e., variable-speed wind turbines (VSWTs) and photovoltaic (PV) power plants) have gradually replaced conventional generation units. However, these renewable generators are connected to the grid through power converters decoupled from the grid and do not provide any rotational inertia, subsequently decreasing the overall power system’s inertia. Moreover, the variable and stochastic nature of wind speed and solar irradiation may lead to large frequency deviations, especially in isolated power systems. This paper proposes a hybrid wind–PV frequency control strategy for isolated power systems with high renewable energy source integration under variable weather conditions. A new PV controller monitoring the VSWTs’ rotational speed deviation is presented in order to modify the PV-generated power accordingly and improve the rotational speed deviations of VSWTs. The power systems modeled include thermal, hydro-power, VSWT, and PV power plants, with generation mixes in line with future European scenarios. The hybrid wind–PV strategy is compared to three other frequency strategies already presented in the specific literature, and gets better results in terms of frequency deviation (reducing the mean squared error between 20% and 95%). Additionally, the rotational speed deviation of VSWTs is also reduced with the proposed approach, providing the same mean squared error as the case in which VSWTs do not participate in frequency control. However, this hybrid strategy requires up to a 30% reduction in the PV-generated energy. Extensive detailing of results and discussion can be also found in the paper.

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“…Several control strategies have been reported in the literature for frequency regulation in microgrid when operating in islanded mode [6]. Synergetic use of battery energy storage system (BESS) with droop control is put forth in [7] for islanded microgrid which results in an improvement in transient frequency response. Demand response (DR) has also been demonstrated to provide reliable, low cost, and compatible alternative to conventional spinning reserve for supporting ancillary services [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whale Optimization Algorithm Based Tilt Integral Derivative Control for Frequency Regulation in AC Microgrid with and without SMES

Singh¹,

Suhag²

2020

IJCDS

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This paper presents the control scheme for frequency regulation against step load perturbations in an AC microgrid using tilt integral derivative (TID) controller, optimally tuned employing whale optimization algorithm (WOA)-a recently proposed evolutionary algorithm. The AC microgrid system considered for this study comprises the distributed generation (DG) systemsconsisting primarily the renewable energy sources (RESs)-, energy storage systems (ESSs), and the diesel engine generator (DEG). The performance of the control scheme is assessed in respect of effective regulation of system frequency within nominal limits as judged in terms of peak overshoot/undershoot, settling time and the minimum value of the performance index-integral of time multiplied absolute error (ITAE). For comparative analysis, the performance of the proposed control scheme is judged against the conventional and adaptive network fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)-PID controllers also. Further, the effect of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) on the frequency regulation is also analyzed besides testing the proposed control scheme for stability and robustness against parametric uncertainty & random step load variations. The use of WOA for optimal tuning of TID controller is the novel proposition in this paper which proves to be a very effective strategy in containing the frequency excursions in the AC microgrid under different operating conditions as against the other controllers implemented here. MATLAB/Simulink is used as the platform for system modeling and simulations.

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Frequency control of islanded microgrid based on wind-PV-diesel-battery hybrid energy sources

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Model for Frequency Dynamics in an Islanded Microgrid and Primary Frequency Control Based on Disturbance Compensation

Model for Frequency Dynamics in an Islanded Microgrid and Primary Frequency Control Based on Disturbance Compensation

Hybrid Wind–PV Frequency Control Strategy under Variable Weather Conditions in Isolated Power Systems

Whale Optimization Algorithm Based Tilt Integral Derivative Control for Frequency Regulation in AC Microgrid with and without SMES

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