Freisetzung von Enzymen aus der Herzmuskelzelle während Sauerstoffmangel

Spieckermann, P. G.; Gebhard, Martha-Maria; Kalbow, K.; Knoll, D.; Kohl, F.; Nordbeck, H.; Sakai, Kazushige; Bretschneider, H. J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-85288-6_36

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…From this general formulation, whose limitations have been discussed above, it is questionable whether enzymes in heart and muscle reach the intravascular space directly, äs proposed by several authors (31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40).…”

Section: Lymph Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lymphatic transport accounts for 15-50% of the totally released enzymes (31)(32)(33)(34)(35), whereas the greater part can reach the blood directly due to the much higher capillary permeability within the myocardium than in skeletal muscle (138). After myocardial infarction, however, lymph flow does not cease, because most parts of the muscle are still working, and enzymes are transported by this route.…”

Section: Significance Of Extracellular Distribution and Transport Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Review

1983

CCLM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lymph is the minute net volume of contending hydrostatic and osmotic capillary forces. It is built up extravasculary in tissues and reaches the intravasal space by definite lymph collecting vessels, which enter the venous System at the angulus venosus at the root of the neck. Sampling methods for lymph from individual tissues or from lymph collecting vessels of man and various animals afe cited and the preparation of lymph for enzymatic analysis is described. The extracellular distribution and transport of enzymes is important for diagnostic enzymology, because enzymes released from cells in continuous physiological processes, or after injury to the tissue, reach the intravasal space mainly via the lymphatics. This is evident from the high lymph-plasma ratios of diagnostically important enzymes. The type of enzyme transport (lymphatic or by direct interstitialvenous entry) depends on the heterogeneity of the capillary barrier characteristic of the different organs. The permeability is extremely high in liver, i.e. enzymes in hepatic lymph originale mainly from blood, which they have reached through the large openings in the sinusoidal endothelial lining; in contrast the permeability is extremely low in skeletal muscle, where lymphatic transport therefore predominates. The phenömenon of increased enzyme activities in plasma after physical exertion is explained by alterations of lymph flow. A table gives a survey of enzyme activities, lymph-plasma quotients, and lymph flow from lymph vessels of various tissues äs well äs from the lymph collecting vessels of man and animals, with comments on the significance for diagnostic enzymology. Enzyme in der Lymphe: Eine ÜbersichtZusammenfassung: Lymphe ist das in Geweben extravasal im Widerstreit hydrostatischer und osmotischer kapillarer Kräfte gebildete Flüssigkeitsvolumen und wird über definierte Lymphsammelgefäße dem Intravasalsystem im Venenwinkel am Hals mündend, wieder zugeführt. Techniken der Gewinnung von Lymphe als definierte^Organlymphe oder aus Lymphsammelgefäßen bei Mensch und Tier werden zitiert und ihre Aufbereitung für die enzymatische Analyse beischrieben. Die Bedeutung der Transport-und Verteilungsfunktion von Enzymen über die Lymphe für die diagnostische Enzymologie erklärt sich daraus, daß Enzyme, die kontinuierlich als physiologischer Prozeß oder nach Schädigung des Gewebes aus Zellen austreten, den Intravasalraum vorwiegend über die Lymphe erreichen, was sich in hohen Lymph-Plasma Aktivitätsverhältnissen von diagnostisch verwertbaren Enzymen ausdrückt. Die Art des Enzymtransports -direkt interstitiell-venös oder lymphatisch -hängt von dem verschiedenartigen kapillaren Bamereverhalten in den unterschiedlichen Organen ab. Die Permeabilität ist extrem hoch in der Leber, d.h. Enzyme in der Leberlymphe stammen überwiegend aus dem Blut, das sie über direkten sinusoidalen Zugang erreicht haben; und die Permeabilität ist extrem niedrig in der Skelettmuskulatur, d.h. hier dominiert der lymphatische Transport. Die nach körperlicher Belastung im Plasma zu beobacht...

show abstract

Section: Lymph Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Significance Of Extracellular Distribution and Transport Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review

1983

CCLM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Daß Zellenzyme unter physiologischen Bedingungen primär vornehmlich in das Inter-stitium übertreten und erst von dort -abhängig von ihrem Molekulargewicht -mit der Lymphe und/oder über die Kapillarmembran in den intravasalen Raum gelangen, ergibt sich aus der Analyse von tierexperimentell ermittelten Aktivitätsquotienten Plasma/Lymphe (5). Auch unter pathologischen Bedingungen wird sowohl der Transportweg mit der Lymphe als auch der Weg der Permeation durch die Kapillarinembran beschritten (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)…”

Section: Einleitung Und Fragestellungunclassified

Die Plasmaphorese als Modell zum Studium der Verteilung von Enzymen. Verteilung und Transport von Zellenzymen im extrazellulären Raum, IV. Mitteilung

Friedel¹,

Bode²,

Trautschold³

1976

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plasmapheresis as an experimental model for studies on the extracellular distribution of enzymes. Distribution and transport of cell enzymes within the extracellular space, IVSummary: The rate of distribution of cell enzymes between the intravascular and extravascular space was studied, following a sudden decrease of enzyme activities in the plasma. This rapid decrease of enzyme activities was achieved in rats by a rapid exchange of the blood with a twofold volume of a suspension of homologous erythrocytes in isoosmolar bovine serum albumin solution. After this plasmapheresis, the activities of seven cell enzymes in the plasma were decreased to 14 to 22% of their original values. The subsequent increase in activities showed different kinetics, depending on the enzyme. After 120 min, creatine kinase had reached the starting activity; malate dehydrogenase and aldolase reached their original activities after 180 min. Aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase and pyruvate kinase increased more slowly and they had still not reached their starting values after 240 min. Repetition of the plasmapheresis after 90 min had no obvious effect on the kinetics of the subsequent activity increase.During the first minutes after plasmapheresis the adjustment of the activity equilibrium between the interstitial and the intravaseular compartments depends mainly on the capillary permeability. It is therefore possible to determine half-life constants for the distribution of enzymes within the extracellular space. The constants for malate dehydrogenase and aldolase are almost identical with those determined by intravenous injection, whereas there are discrepancies in the constants for the remaining enzymes. The constants for pyruvate kinase and glutamate dehydrogenase are significantly lower, while those for aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase are significantly higher, than those determined after intravenous injection. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed. *) Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.

show abstract