Free-standing two-dimensional ruthenium-beryllium nanosheets for alkaline hydrogen evolution

Xu, Jie; Wang, Sini; Yang, Chenglong; Li, Tingting; Liu, Qiangchun; Kong, Xiangkai

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.129741

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Since XPS is a surface characterization with the measured depth about 5 nm, it is inferred that the majority component Ru-H is in the elemental valance rather than oxide state, especially for the center portion. [36] Furthermore, in-situ XPS measurement of Ru-H is carried out under a negative voltage without charge neutralization (Figure S5, Supporting Information). An obvious 2.0 eV shift of Ru 3p peaks toward low binding energy direction is discerned when the external voltage is applied, corresponding to the voltage value as applied (Figure 3a).…”

Section: Xps Investigation With In Situ Characterization Under An App...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amorphous/Crystalline Heterophase Ruthenium Nanosheets for pH‐Universal Hydrogen Evolution

Kong

2021

Small Methods

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Recently, constructing noble metals in heterogeneous phases, denoted as phase engineering of nanomaterials, has attracted great attention. [7,8] In particular, developing amorphous/crystalline heterophase is explored to regulate the microstructure and properties, and the products exhibit desirable functionalities in energy conversion and storage applications, such as in catalysis, [9][10][11] battery, [12,13] solar cell, [14] electrochromic device, [15] and supercapacitor. [16] Although some progresses have been achieved, the development of individual nanostructure composed of both amorphous and crystalline phases is still in its fancy stage, with many challenges remained.Crystalline phase engineering requires a large portion of atoms to rearrange in a new distribution, which is distinguished from the shape control with only surface atoms involved, and thus is quite challenging. [17] Connected by the strong metallic bonds, noble metal atoms tend to form long range order with high degree of crystallization. Nevertheless, the glassy structure allows a number of dangling bonds to be exposed, providing more defect sites which can serve as trap sites to capture electrons and inert molecules. [18,19] As such, it is intensively expected to prepare new noble metals with amorphous/crystalline heterophase for promising use. Specific to the catalysis field, the presence of amorphous/crystalline heterophase allows more atoms to be exposed and activated at the phase boundaries, serving as new active sites for promoting the catalytic reaction. Meanwhile, the heterophase structure offers distinctive atomic arrangement with unique coordinated environment, which tremendously affects the ion adsorption and transport. Moreover, the synergism between different phase domains can enrich its electronic characters, modulate the interaction between active centers and reacting species, as well as the intermediates, and thus leading to a higher catalytic capability. Recently, Zhang and his co-authors have reported amorphous/ crystalline heterophase palladium (Pd) Nanosheets, [20] ultrathin amorphous/crystalline heterophase rhodium, [9] aging amorphous/crystalline heterophase Pd-copper [21] for catalytic reactions. However, to the best of our knowledge, preparing amorphous/crystalline heterophase ruthenium (Ru), accompanied by its catalytic application is rarely reported.Ru is the most inexpensive element among the noble metals, with the price approximately a quarter of that for Pt. It shows a To design and synthesize heterophase noble-metal materials is of crucial importance owing to their unique structure and apparent properties. Ruthenium (Ru) is one of the most active candidates for hydrogen evolution reaction because of its low price compared with other precious metals, which is favorable for industrial hydrogen cycle operation. In this study, free-standing amorphous/crystalline Ru nanosheets are facilely synthesized through a controlled annealing method. Charge redistribution occurs at the phase interface because of the work function ...

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Section: Xps Investigation With In Situ Characterization Under An App...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amorphous/Crystalline Heterophase Ruthenium Nanosheets for pH‐Universal Hydrogen Evolution

Kong

2021

Small Methods

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“…Both pristine Ru and RuAl illustrated a distinct peak at 181 cm –1 (Figure c), attributed to the metallic Ru–Ru bond . Meanwhile, relatively weak Ru–O bond signals appeared at 266, 512, and 634 cm –1 , inferring a partial surface oxidation due to the high sensitivity of the Ru surface. ,, The Ru–Ru peak of RuAl exhibited a slight positive shift to 183 cm –1 , confirming a stronger reduction capacity caused by Al incorporation. In comparison, the Ru–Ru vibration became rather weak on the Ru (Al) Fe catalyst, suggesting a significant loss of crystallinity accompanied by defects and lattice distortions generated in the Ru matrix.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…Ruthenium (Ru) is the most inexpensive element among noble metals. , Moreover, Ru possesses a comparable binding for hydrogen (65 kcal mol –1 ) as Pt (62 kcal mol –1 ). − Prior investigations suggest that engineering on size, dimension, and composition are effective to optimize the Ru property, for expediting hydrogen generation. − Volmer and Heyrovsky processes are the general rate-determining steps for nonacidic hydrogen production, which typically depend on the ability of water dissociation and hydrogen binding, respectively . Henceforth, ration design is desirable to reach high-performance Ru-based HER catalysts.…”

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Fe Engineering on Ru Nanosheets for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution in pH-Universal Media

Wang

Feng

et al. 2022

Inorg. Chem.

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Fe-modified Ru nanosheets are achieved via preintercalated Al species serving as the self-sacrificial template. Benefiting from the amphoteric feature of Al and strong corrosion of Fe 3+ ions, Fe is effectively incorporated into pristine Ru nanosheets. Correspondingly, the surface oxophilicity is improved, promoting the Volmer step. The charge density redistribution weakens hydrogen combination on Ru and thus accelerates the desorption kinetics (Heyrovsky step). Meanwhile, more defective sites are exposed, leading to an enhanced hydrogen production in pH-universal electrolytes.

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“…The collected Ru 3p curves showed a higher metallic state of Ru@M-OH than Ru@M, and both of them exhibited a positive shift compared with pure Ru particles (Figure e). Therefore, Ru@M-OH presented a moderate electron transfer to the substrate, which properly weakened the hydrogen combination to reach optimal H 2 desorption . As is well-accepted, pure metals were generally hydrophobic, so the rich T x groups and O-terminated feature of the Ti 3 C 2 T x -derived support enabled an enhanced hydrophilicity of the ensemble, facilitating water adsorption and dissociation.…”

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confidence: 90%

“…Therefore, Ru@M-OH presented a moderate electron transfer to the substrate, which properly weakened the hydrogen combination to reach optimal H 2 desorption. 26 As is well-accepted, pure metals were generally hydrophobic, so the rich T x groups and O-terminated feature of the Ti 3 C 2 T xderived support enabled an enhanced hydrophilicity of the ensemble, facilitating water adsorption and dissociation. The deconvoluted peaks of the O 1s spectra at 532.5, 531.3, 530.6, and 529.8 eV corresponded to adsorbed water, O vacancies, adsorbed -OH, and lattice O, respectively (Figure 2f).…”

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Embedded Ruthenium Nanoparticles within Exfoliated Nanosheets of Ti₃C₂T_x for Hydrogen Evolution

Feng

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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The carbon component in Ti3C2T x is found to assist the reduction and growth of ruthenium (Ru) during solvothermal processing. As a result, Ti3C2T x is transformed into TiO x with Ru nanoparticle incorporation. Furthermore, the exfoliated nanosheet configuration of the derived substrate is well preserved under a high OH– concentration, associated with the generation of more defective sites. The achieved Ru@M-OH ensemble possesses a low Ru amount of 3.63%, accompanied by enhanced water adsorption and weakened hydrogen combination capability, promoting the hydrogen production under pH-universal conditions.

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Free-standing two-dimensional ruthenium-beryllium nanosheets for alkaline hydrogen evolution

Cited by 22 publications

References 44 publications

Amorphous/Crystalline Heterophase Ruthenium Nanosheets for pH‐Universal Hydrogen Evolution

Amorphous/Crystalline Heterophase Ruthenium Nanosheets for pH‐Universal Hydrogen Evolution

Fe Engineering on Ru Nanosheets for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution in pH-Universal Media

Embedded Ruthenium Nanoparticles within Exfoliated Nanosheets of Ti₃C₂T_x for Hydrogen Evolution

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Free-standing two-dimensional ruthenium-beryllium nanosheets for alkaline hydrogen evolution

Cited by 22 publications

References 44 publications

Amorphous/Crystalline Heterophase Ruthenium Nanosheets for pH‐Universal Hydrogen Evolution

Amorphous/Crystalline Heterophase Ruthenium Nanosheets for pH‐Universal Hydrogen Evolution

Fe Engineering on Ru Nanosheets for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution in pH-Universal Media

Embedded Ruthenium Nanoparticles within Exfoliated Nanosheets of Ti3C2Tx for Hydrogen Evolution

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Embedded Ruthenium Nanoparticles within Exfoliated Nanosheets of Ti₃C₂T_x for Hydrogen Evolution