Free-standing electrochemical electrode based on Ni(OH)₂/3D graphene foam for nonenzymatic glucose detection

Abstract

Three-dimensional graphene foam (3DGF) is a superior sensing material because of its high conductivity, large specific surface area and wide electrochemical potential windows. In this work, hexagonal Ni(OH)2 nanosheets are deposited on the surface of chemical vapor deposition-grown 3DGF through a facial hydrothermal process without any auxiliary reagents. The morphology and structure of the composite are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Based on the Ni(OH)2/3DGF composite, a free-standing electrochemical electrode is fabricated. Being employed as a nonenzymatic glucose detection electrochemical electrode, it exhibits a high sensitivity (∼2.65 mA mM(-1) cm(-2)), low detection limit (0.34 μM) and excellent selectivity with a linear response from 1 μM to 1.17 mM. The excellent sensing properties of the Ni(OH)2/3DGF electrode may be attributed to the synergistic effect of the high electrocatalytic activity of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets and the high conductivity and large surface area of 3DGF.

Three-dimensional roselike α-Ni(OH)2 assembled from nanosheet building blocks for non-enzymatic glucose detection

“…The obtained sensitivity of the Ni(OH) 2 -RS/GCE sensor (418.8 mA mM À1 cm À2 ) is higher than the reported values at macro-mesoporous Ni(OH) 2 (243 mA mM À1 cm À2 ) [52], Ni(OH) 2 nanoplates/RGO a (11.43 mA mM À1 cm À2 ) [47], 5% NiO@Ag NWs (67.51 mA mM À1 cm À2 ) [53], Au/NiO nanobelts (48.35 mA mM À1 cm À2 ) [54], Ni(OH) 2 CILE b (202 mA mM À1 cm À2 ) [48], but lowers than a-Ni(OH) 2 /FTO (446 mA mM À1 cm À2 ) [55] and the Ni (OH) 2 /3D graphene (2650 mA mM À1 cm À2 ) [56] which exhibited a narrower linear range. As shown in Table 1, it could be clearly seen that the Ni(OH) 2 -RS/GCE offered reasonable sensitivity and detection limit, but the linear range of the Ni(OH) 2 because it consisted of twisted nanosheets as a secondary building block, which result in the active surface domains being easily accessed by glucose.…”

Nanostructured Inorganic Materials at Work in Electrochemical Sensing and Biofuel Cells

“…Furthermore, nickel electrodes have been extensively explored as catalysts of organic compound oxidation, mostly in an alkaline medium. Inspired by this trend, several prototypes of Nibased materials have been explored as non-enzymatic electrodes for the electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose [98][99][100][101][102][103][104]. All research unanimously admitted that the catalytically active component is a Ni(III) oxyhydroxide species, involved in the NiO(OH)/Ni(OH)2 redox couple.…”

Highly selective detection of cellular guanine and xanthine by polyoxometalate modified 3D graphene foam

“…Porous 3DGF with a highly conductive network consisted of defect free graphene sheets facilitate the mass transfer on the catalysis surface during electrochemical reactions, and alsoserve as electrochemically active matrix to exhibit superior electrochemically catalytic performances [34][35][36][37]. The integration of nanomaterial and 3DGF has been confirmed as an effective way to enhance the sensitivity or selectivity for the detection of small biomolecules such as uric acid, H 2 O 2 , and dopamine [38][39][40].…”