Fraunhoffer Diffraction of Electrons in Anisotropic Media

Abstract

Ordered historically, I shall update my earlier conviction that a consistent interpretation of all the non-terrestrial gamma-ray bursts can be obtained in terms of nearby Galactic neutron stars, at distances d within 10 < ∼ d/pc < ∼ 500.The γ-ray bursts made their scientific appearance at the 1974 Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics when they had just been declassified by American militaries, and were introduced to the community by Malvin Ruderman. In his superb presentation, Ruderman (1975) offered more proposed classes of sources than detected bursts, viz.

Analysis of transport properties of five‐terminal beam splitter using anisotropy of the group velocity

“…8 for ε = 1.225. Since the momentum in the transverse direction in the emitter is large for the fourth mode, the beam splits at a large angle even if the group velocity is isotropic [15]. In 0 ≤ ε ≤ 0.6, the beam split due to this effect generates directions easily incident into the collectors T R and T L .…”

“…(1) is defined as If the region in which electrons move is Ω and is computed, then Since the terms for which both n′ and n′ -a i are contained in the region Ω are canceled by each other, we have Here, the double sum implies summation over combinations for which n′ is in the region Ω and its nearest neighbor lattice points n′ + a i (i = 1 to 4) are outside Ω. This is the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz formula for tight-binding electrons [14,15].…”

Two-Dimensional Electron Systems in Magnetic Fields: The Current Equipartition Law

“…Actually, the properties of the coefficients are determined by the reservoir, so that we need to consider a reservoir also in quantum theory. This problem was pointed out and discussed by Kawamura et al [2] for the first time. In the reference, however, no solution was presented and it had been an open question.…”