France in the South Pacific: Power and Politics

Fisher, Denise

doi:10.26530/oapen_459945

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…France's reasons for maintaining the territory were essentially geostrategic (Fisher 2013) and Paris counted on the support of part of the ethnic French population to democratically legitimise the existing relationship. However, forced by the domestic situation and under pressure from the United Nations, France accepted its obligations as an administering power, recognised the right to self-determination, and undertook a series of measures to resolve the conflict via a pact with local actors.…”

Section: New Caledonia and Its Postponed Self-determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomy and Natural Resources: the self-Determination process in New Caledonia as a Counter-Lesson for Western Sahara

Bajo

2021

The Journal of North African Studies

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New Caledonia-Kanaky and Western Sahara have several features in common, beyond the fact that both geographical entities appear on the United Nations list of non-self-governing territories. However, each territory has followed a very different process in its search for a definitive status. Since the late 1980s, New Caledonia has been the site of a bilateral political negotiation process with France that recently reached a milestone: two referendums held on the future of the territory. In Western Sahara, where a Settlement Plan was promoted by the UN, no significant advances have been made in the last 20 years. For New Caledonia, the results of the most recent regional elections and the 2018 and 2020 referendums provide the data to do a critical reading of the strategy deployed by the French government to give the territory significant autonomy and a new development model based on natural resources; instead of achieving the expected objective of winning loyalties, the New Caledonian identity was affirmed and independentist sympathies strengthened. In Western Sahara, Morocco has deployed an autonomist rhetoric and a new model of economic development in the south, but nothing has effectively materialised. New Caledonia has shown that, instead of ensuring loyalties, allowing self-government and partial control over natural resources in a territory in the midst of a decolonisation process fuels independentist movements and broadens their base.

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Section: New Caledonia and Its Postponed Self-determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomy and Natural Resources: the self-Determination process in New Caledonia as a Counter-Lesson for Western Sahara

Bajo

2021

The Journal of North African Studies

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“…Others remain the possessions of the United States and France, maintained primarily for advancing strategic and military interests. These include the US territories of American Samoa, Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, and the French collectivities of French Polynesia, Wallis and Futuna and New Caledonia (Fisher, 2013; Shigematsu and Camacho, 2010). Though motivated less by strategic considerations, political sovereignty over Tokelau is also maintained by New Zealand.…”

Section: Ethnicity and Colonialism In Oceaniamentioning

confidence: 99%

From colonial categories to local culture: Evolving state practices of ethnic enumeration in Oceania, 1965–2014

Kukutai

Broman

2016

Ethnicities

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Numerous scholars have examined how governments in particular times and places have classified their populations by ethnicity, but studies that are both cross-national and longitudinal are rare. Using a unique database of census questionnaires, we examine state practices of ethnic enumeration over a 50-year period (1965-2014) in the 24 countries and areas that comprise Oceania. The region's extraordinary linguistic and cultural diversity, combined with its complex colonial history and indigenous politics, make it an ideal site for comparative analyses. We find a shift from biological conceptions of difference to a more cultural understanding of group identity, exemplified by a sharp rise in language questions and the decline of race-based inquiries. While local identity labels have largely displaced colonial categories, the imprimatur of previous regimes still lingers, particularly in Melanesia. These shifts in official constructions of ethnoracial differences reflect a gradual lessening of colonial influences on demographic practices.

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French Empire: 11. Pacific

Aldrich

2016

The Encyclopedia of Empire

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In the mid‐ and late 1800s, France acquired several colonies in the South Pacific: Tahiti and the other islands of French Polynesia, New Caledonia, and Wallis and Futuna, as well as an interest in the Anglo‐French condominium of the New Hebrides. The French transported convicts to New Caledonia from the 1860s to the 1890s, but its major resource was and remains nickel. The myths of paradise found and lost endured in Tahiti, which gained new importance for France from the 1960s to the 1990s as a site for nuclear tests. France reluctantly acceded to independence for the New Hebrides in 1980, but the other islands remain French territories; a violent conflict between pro‐ and anti‐independence groups troubled New Caledonia in the 1980s.

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France in the South Pacific: Power and Politics

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Autonomy and Natural Resources: the self-Determination process in New Caledonia as a Counter-Lesson for Western Sahara

Autonomy and Natural Resources: the self-Determination process in New Caledonia as a Counter-Lesson for Western Sahara

From colonial categories to local culture: Evolving state practices of ethnic enumeration in Oceania, 1965–2014

French Empire: 11. Pacific

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