Fragile Spines on Cayo Santiago: Bone Mineral Density, Trabecular Morphology, and the Potential for Exploring the Genetics of Osteoporosis in Rhesus Monkeys

Turnquist, Jean E.; Cerroni, Antonietta M.; Faccia, Kate; Boyd, Steven K.; Hallgrímsson, Benedikt

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1046-1_4

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The Caribbean Primate Research Center (CPRC) maintains one of the most important rhesus macaque colonies in the world on CS, and one of the best and largest nonhuman primate skeletal collections for research in the world. The rhesus skeletons in this collection, most of which are derived from the CS population, provide a unique research resource with which to conduct skeletal and dental studies (Rawlins and Kessler, ; Cerroni et al, ; Guatelli‐Steinberg and Benderlioglu, ; Wang et al, ,2007; Dunbar, ; Turnquist et al, ; Wang, ; Kensler, ; Gonzalez et al, ; Kessler et al, ; Kessler and Rawlins, ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The mandibles of castrated male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): The effects of orchidectomy on bone and teeth

Wang

Kessler

Kensler

et al. 2015

American J Phys Anthropol

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confidence: 99%

The mandibles of castrated male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): The effects of orchidectomy on bone and teeth

Wang

Kessler

Kensler

et al. 2015

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…Occasionally, Dowager’s hump was observed in senescent CS rhesus monkeys (see Fig. 5; [Cerroni et al, 2000; Pritzker & Kessler, 2012; Turnquist et al, 2012]).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These conditions are also seen in the CS rhesus macaques [Buikstra, 1975; DeRousseau, 1978; Cerroni, 2000; Cerroni et al, 2000, 2003; Pritzker & Kessler, 2012; Turnquist et al, 2012]. Although the symptoms may be managed, the causes of arthritis and OPO in the general human population and the ability to prevent these conditions remain elusive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Osteoporosis is a naturally-occurring disorder of aging humans and it has been well documented in aging female and male Cayo Santiago (CS) rhesus macaques through studies of living animals [Aguilo & Cabrera, 1989] but mostly using their skeletal remains [DeRousseau, 1985; Grynpas et al, 1989, 1993a, 1993b; Cerroni, 2000; Cerroni et al, 2000, 2003; Turnquist et al, 2012]. Bone loss with age has also been reported in male rhesus monkeys from other populations [Pope et al, 1989; Colman et al, 1999; Black et al, 2001] and in male baboons [Kammerer et al, 1995].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ovariectomized rhesus and cynomolgus macaques were also used for hormone and reproductive behavior studies and first developed as models for post-menopausal osteopenia (OPE) and OPO in the 1980s [Miller et al, 1986]. These studies have been reviewed in a number of reports [Jerome et al, 1994; Cerroni et al, 2000; Smith et al, 2009; Pritzker & Kessler, 2012; Turnquist et al, 2012]. Ovariectomized female macaques, particularly cynomolgus models of post-menopausal OPO, have been used extensively for testing new drugs such as anabolic steriods, bisphosphonates and selective-estrogen-receptor modulators to prevent or treat OPO [Smith et al, 2009; Pritzker & Kessler, 2012].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term effects of castration on the skeleton of male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

Kessler

Wang

Cerroni

et al. 2015

American J Primatol

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While osteopenia (OPE) and osteoporosis (OPO) have been studied in various species of aging nonhuman primates and extensively in ovariectomized rhesus and cynomolgus macaques, there is virtually no information on the effects of castration on the skeleton of male nonhuman primates. Most information on castrated male primates comes from a few studies on the skeletons of eunuchs. This report used a subset of the Caribbean Primate Research Center’s (CPRC) Cayo Santiago (CS) rhesus macaque skeletal collection to qualitatively and quantitatively compare the bone mineral density (BMD) of castrated and age-matched intact males and, thereby, determine the long-term effects of castration (orchidectomy) on bone. Lumbar vertebrae, femora and crania were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA) and digital radiography augmented, when fresh tissues were available, with autoradiography and histology. Results confirmed physical examinations of long bones that castration causes changes in the skeleton of male rhesus macaques similar to those found in eunuchs, including OPE and OPO of the vertebrae and femora, thinning of the skull, and vertebral fractures and kyphosis of the spine more severe than that caused by normal aging alone. Also like eunuchs, some castrated CS male rhesus monkeys had a longer life span than intact males or females. Based on these results and the effects of castration on other tissues and organs of eunuchs, on behavior, hormone profiles and possibly on cognition and visual perception of human and nonhuman primates, and other mammals, castrated male rhesus macaques should be used with caution for laboratory studies and should be considered a separate category from intact males. Despite these caveats, the castrated male rhesus macaque should make an excellent animal model in which to test hormone replacement therapies for boys and men orchidectomized for testicular and prostate cancer.

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Odontogenic abscesses in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) of Cayo Santiago

Luo

Feng

et al. 2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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These results suggest that oral pathologies, such as dental and periodontal abscesses in rhesus macaques are fairly common, which may indicate familial effects interwoven with ecological and social factors. The closeness of the rhesus and human genomes allows insights to understand of the epidemiology of these diseases in the human population. Further assessment of the role played by environmental and familial factors on rhesus oral health and disease are warranted.

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Fragile Spines on Cayo Santiago: Bone Mineral Density, Trabecular Morphology, and the Potential for Exploring the Genetics of Osteoporosis in Rhesus Monkeys

Cited by 4 publications

References 95 publications

The mandibles of castrated male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): The effects of orchidectomy on bone and teeth

The mandibles of castrated male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): The effects of orchidectomy on bone and teeth

Long‐term effects of castration on the skeleton of male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

Odontogenic abscesses in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) of Cayo Santiago

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