Fractures in sandstone reservoirs with ultra-low permeability: A case study of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, China

Zeng, Lianbo; Li, Xiangyang

doi:10.1306/09240808047

Cited by 197 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Hölting's classification (1989) for water permeability classifies stones into four groups: very low, with a k value under 1 mD (∼ 10 -15 m 2 or 10 -8 m/s); low, with 1 < k < 100 mD; permeable, with be found in permeability classifications in the hydrocarbon industry (e.g., Lianbo and Yang, 2009 ). Therefore, eight varieties of the studied building stones (C1, C2, C4, C6, L11, T12, T13, and T14) are classified as very low-permeability rocks, other four (C3, C5, L10, are S7) are low permeability, and three (L8, L9, T15) are permeable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting water permeability in sedimentary rocks from capillary imbibition and pore structure

Benavente

Pla

Cueto

et al. 2015

Engineering Geology

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Please cite this article as: Benavente, D., Pla, C., Cueto, N., Galvañ, S., Martínez-Martínez, J., García-del-Cura, M.A., Ordóñez, S., Predicting water permeability in sedimentary rocks from capillary imbibition and pore structure, Engineering Geology (2015), AbstractIn this paper, absolute water permeability is estimated from capillary imbibition and pore structure for 15 sedimentary rock types. They present a wide range of petrographic characteristics that provide degrees of connectivity, porosities, pore size distributions, water absorption coefficients by capillarity and water permeabilities. A statistical analysis shows strong correlations among the petrophysical parameters of the studied rocks. Several fundamental properties are fitted into different linear and multiple expressions where water permeability is expressed as a generalized function of the properties. Some practical aspects of these correlations are highlighted in order to use capillary imbibition tests to estimate permeability. The permeability-porosity relation is discussed in the context of the influence of pore connectivity and wettability. As a consequence, we propose a generalized model for permeability that includes information about water fluid rate (water absorption coefficient by capillarity), water properties (density and viscosity), wetting (interfacial tension and contact angle) and pore structure (pore radius and porosity). Its application is examined in terms of the type of pores that contribute to water transport and wettability. The results indicate that the threshold pore radius, in which water percolates through rock, achieves the best description of the pore system. The proposed equation is compared against Carman-Kozeny's and KatzThompson's equations. The proposed equation achieves very accurate predictions of the water permeability in the range of 0.01 to 1000 mD. Highlights -Permeability expressions are obtained using open porosity and capillary coefficients.-The permeability -porosity relationship shows two zones defined by a porosity of 10%.-A generalized model for predicting intrinsic permeability is proposed.-The analysis of wetting reveals incomplete water wetting in the studied rocks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting water permeability in sedimentary rocks from capillary imbibition and pore structure

Benavente

Pla

Cueto

et al. 2015

Engineering Geology

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“…Permeability classifications in hydrological studies [41] or hydrocarbon industry (e.g. : [42]) classify them as very low permeable (C1), low permeable (C2 and S3) and permeable stones (D4 and L5). In general, the intrinsic permeability is at the same order of magnitude than water permeability (Fig.…”

Section: Water and Gas Permeabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pore structure and moisture content on gas diffusion and permeability in porous building stones

Benavente

Pla

2018

Mater Struct

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Hazardous gases in buildings are a concern for public health and security. These gases can be released from the building materials to indoor air and their concentration may become critical where ventilation is hindered, as such in hypogean or more energetically efficient airtight constructions. Furthermore, the gas ventilation and the indoor gas concentration can considerably increase by the vapour condensation on the ceiling and walls of buildings. In this paper, we characterise the CO 2 gas diffusion for a representative range of building porous stones with the aim of establishing the effect of the water content in the gaseous diffusion coefficient.We propose a new methodology to measure gas diffusion with a laboratory device that works under different hygrometric conditions. Results reveal water pore condensation reduces both connected porosity and pore size and therefore, the CO 2 diffusion coefficient. This variation occurs in all the studied porous building stones although it is especially important in stones with small pores. Thus, the reduction of CO 2 diffusion coefficient for the stone with thinnest pores is by 50% when relative humidity varies from 20 to 90%.Permeability and gas diffusion coefficients present similar trends. Porous stones with larger pores and higher porosity values present the highest CO 2 diffusion, water and gas permeability coefficients. Pore size is the conclusive parameter within the transport coefficients. It greatly affects both the tortuosity factor of the CO 2 gaseous diffusion and the slip parameter of the Klinkenberg's model for gas permeability coefficient. Finally, for studied samples, we establish a power regression, which correlates thoroughly both coefficients.

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“…fracturing and are expected to deliver hydrocarbons better than the clay-rich Chang7 shale characterized by low porosity (\5%) and extremely low permeability (Zeng and Li 2009;Zhang et al 2013). For the interbedded sandstone and siltstone in the Chang7 source rock, the predominantly tight sandstone and siltstone reservoirs exhibit overall low permeability Yao et al 2013).…”

Section: Hybrid Plays Within Upper Triassic Siliciclastic Source Rockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple-stacked Hybrid Plays of lacustrine source rock intervals: Case studies from lacustrine basins in China

et al. 2017

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Hydrocarbon-producing lacustrine basins are widely developed in the world, and China has a large number of lacustrine basins that have developed since the early Permian. The organic-rich shale-dominated heterogeneous source rock intervals in Chinese lacustrine basins generally contain frequent thin interbeds of stratigraphically associated sandstone, siltstone, marl, dolomite, and limestone. The concept of ''Hybrid Plays'' as put forth in this article recognizes this pattern of alternating organicrich shale and organic-lean interbeds and existence of mixed unconventional and conventional plays. Hybrid Plays in lacustrine source rock intervals present a unique closed petroleum system hosting continuous hydrocarbons. The interbedded organic-lean siliciclastic and/or carbonate plays are efficiently charged with hydrocarbons via short migration pathways from the adjacent organic-rich shale that is often also a self-sourced play. We assert ''Hybrid Plays'' provide the most realistic exploration model for targeting multiple-stacked and genetically related very tight shale, tight and conventional plays together in the entire source rock interval rather than individual plays only. The Hybrid Play model has been proven and works for a wide variety of lacustrine rift, sag and foreland basins in China.

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Fractures in sandstone reservoirs with ultra-low permeability: A case study of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, China

Cited by 197 publications

References 33 publications

Predicting water permeability in sedimentary rocks from capillary imbibition and pore structure

Predicting water permeability in sedimentary rocks from capillary imbibition and pore structure

Effect of pore structure and moisture content on gas diffusion and permeability in porous building stones

Multiple-stacked Hybrid Plays of lacustrine source rock intervals: Case studies from lacustrine basins in China

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