Fractionation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon residues in soils

Gao, Yanzheng; Zeng, Yuechun; Shen, Qing; Ling, Wanting; Han, Jin

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.084

Cited by 55 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Clearly, the presence of AM reduced the degradation time of the tested compounds. As reported by Gao et al [26], the availabilities of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in soils decrease over time, and their available portions including desorbing and non-desorbing fractions that can be taken up by plants and/or soilinhabiting animals are most readily biodegradable and dissipate rapidly in soils. In contrast, bound residues of POPs in soils are generally recalcitrant [1].…”

Section: Am Enhanced Degradation Of Pahs In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal phytoremediation of soils contaminated with phenanthrene and pyrene

Gao

Ling

et al. 2011

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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114

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Section: Am Enhanced Degradation Of Pahs In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal phytoremediation of soils contaminated with phenanthrene and pyrene

Gao

Ling

et al. 2011

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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114

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“…Sequential extraction methods are often used when characterizing the different fractions of inorganic pollutants in aging soils, such as metals, phosphorus, selenium, and so on. , However, for organic pollutants in aging soils, most extraction methods traditionally employ exhaustive chemical extraction to determine the total pollutant concentrations, along with a few sequential extraction approaches for revealing the different fractions of organic pollutants in soils . As we know, only the “labile” fraction of organic pollutants, which usually refers to the sum of the dissolved fraction in porewater and the rapidly desorbing fraction, may be accessible to soil organisms (Figure ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation and Application of a 3-Step Sequential Extraction Method to Investigate the Fraction Transformation of Organic Pollutants in Aging Soils: A Case Study of Dechlorane Plus

Cheng

Ding

Xie

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A 3-step sequential extraction method was developed to characterize the “labile,” “stable-adsorbed,” and “bound-residue” fractions of Dechlorane Plus (DP) in aging soils. Afterward, the proposed method was used to observe the transformation of DP fractions during aging. Slight decrease of total DP concentrations suggested there was a rather limited degradation, with only 4.2–8.2% of initial DP having degraded after 260 days. The labile fraction, which indicated the bioavailability of DP, decreased from 25.5% to 8.2%. The bound-residue fraction, usually regarded as a route for detoxification, increased from 0.1% to 18.5%. Model simulations were then developed to investigate the transformation, indicating that transformation rates were inconstant and distinguishable over time. Half-lives of DP were estimated to range from 1325 to 2948 days, indicating its environmental persistence in aging soils. Through Sobol Global Sensitivity Analysis (SGSA), degradation was evaluated to be the most sensitive factor of effecting the DP transformation in aging soils. Furthermore, the fsyn values increased from 0.26 to 0.37 in the labile fraction and decreased from 0.25 to 0.18 in the bound-residue fraction. The observed stereoselectivity difference might be the cause of the stereoselective accumulation of DP in terrestrial organisms.

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“…A wider range of soils may be needed to validate the observed relationships. Methanolic or nonmethanolic alkaline treatments may partially release occluded or sequestered fractions following hydrolysis of SOM, 6,35 thereby increasing mass recovery of PAHs spiked in soils. 20 Hence, after the seven different methanolic and nonmethanolic treatments (excluding 5 h MeKOH), mass balance (%) of B[a]P after 180 d of aging in this study ranged from 71.8 ± 6.2 to 81.3 ± 3.7, 60.7 ± 1.4 to 83.7 ± 4.9, 62.0 ± 1.7 to 71.6 ± 0.9, and 69.3 ± 6.4 to 78.3 ± 3.3 for soils I, M, B, and N, respectively (Figure 5).…”

Section: ■ Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Recovery of Nonextractable Benzo[a]pyrene Residues in Contrasting Soils Using Exhaustive Methanolic and Nonmethanolic Alkaline Treatments

et al. 2018

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The fate, impacts and significance of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) non-extractable residues (NERs) in soils remain largely unexplored in risk-based contaminated land management. In this study, 7 different methanolic and non-methanolic alkaline treatments, and the conventional methanolic saponification, were used to extract benzo [a]pyrene (B[a]P) NERs that had been aged for 180 d from four contrasting soils. Up to 16% and 55% of the amount of B[a]P spiked (50 mg/kg) into soils was non-extractable after 2 d and 180 of aging, respectively; indicating rapid and progressive B[a]P sequestration in soils over time. The recovery of B[a]P from soils after 180 d of aging was increased by up to 48% by the 7 different alkaline extractions, although the extraction efficiencies of the different alkaline treatments did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). Approximately 40% of B[a]P NERs in the sandy-clay-loam organic matter-rich soil was recovered by the exhaustive alkaline extractions after 180 d of aging, compared to only 10% using conventional methanolic saponification. However, the amounts of B[a]P NERs recovered depend on soil properties and the amounts of NERs in soils. A significant correlation (R 2 = 0.69, p < 0.001) was also observed between the amounts of B[a]P recovered by each of the 7 alkaline extractions in the contrasting soils, and corresponding NERs at 180 d of aging, indicating a potential association warranting further investigations. Extraction techniques that estimate the amounts of PAH NERs recoverable in soil can help give a better understanding of the fate of NERs in soil.

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Fractionation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon residues in soils

Cited by 55 publications

References 31 publications

Arbuscular mycorrhizal phytoremediation of soils contaminated with phenanthrene and pyrene

Arbuscular mycorrhizal phytoremediation of soils contaminated with phenanthrene and pyrene

Validation and Application of a 3-Step Sequential Extraction Method to Investigate the Fraction Transformation of Organic Pollutants in Aging Soils: A Case Study of Dechlorane Plus

Enhanced Recovery of Nonextractable Benzo[a]pyrene Residues in Contrasting Soils Using Exhaustive Methanolic and Nonmethanolic Alkaline Treatments

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