Fractal assessment of street-level skylines: a possible means of assessing and comparing character

Cooper, Jon

doi:10.51347/jum.v7i2.3905

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Silhouette complexity and fractal dimension are two typical morphological indicators that have been widely used in skyline-related studies. Silhouette complexity evaluates the skyline from the perspective of its overall orientation (Niu and Li, 2013; Heath et al, 2000b; Mak et al, 2005), whereas the fractal dimension describes the skyline in terms of micro variation (Cao and Zhang, 2013; Cooper, 2003; Hagerhall et al, 2004). Therefore, these two indicators are calculated, and the results are shown in Table 5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new quantitative evaluation method of urban skyline based on object-based analysis and constitution theory

Yang

et al. 2023

Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science

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The skyline is a comprehensive display of the morphological characteristics and cultural features of a city, and its quantitative evaluation is remarkable for perceiving the city and assisting in its planning. However, previous studies focused on the overall profile or tall buildings, lacking a perspective that considers the composition of skyline objects. This paper proposes a new quantitative method to evaluate the skyline based on the object-based analysis method and the constitution theory. Firstly, the skyline objects, that is, buildings, vegetation and mountains are extracted by using the object-based image analysis method. Secondly, the buildings are further classified into four classes according to their relative height. Then, two quantitative indicators, namely, richness of the object category variety and complexity of the object category spatial distribution, are proposed by considering the constitution theory. Finally, this method is applied to typical urban skylines in Shanghai, Hong Kong, New York and Vancouver. Results show that the new indicators can effectively represent the differences of city skylines when their profile indicators are relatively similar. The method can quantitatively evaluate the composition and spatial distribution of skyline objects. This paper is expected to provide a new perspective on the study of skyline aesthetics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new quantitative evaluation method of urban skyline based on object-based analysis and constitution theory

Yang

et al. 2023

Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science

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“…Literatürde fraktal geometri ile mimarlık, planlama alanlarının birlikte değerlendirildiği çalışmalar oldukça sınırlı sayıdadır. Mevcut olan çalışmalarda ise, daha çok kent makroformu, kentsel gelişim ve sokak siluetleri konuları üzerine yoğunlaşılmıştır (Cooper, 2003;Hagerhall, 2004;Mcadams, 2007). Sokak ölçeğinde fraktal geometri ile mekânsal zenginliği analiz eden çalışmalar oldukça sınırlı sayıdadır.…”

Section: Bulgularunclassified

“…When the national and international literature is examined, it is seen that the studies in which fractal geometry and the fields of architecture and planning are evaluated together are quite limited. While some of the existing studies focus on urban macro form, urban development, and street silhouettes (Cooper, 2003;Hagerhall, 2004;Mcadams, 2007), some focus on spatial richness with fractal analysis at the street scale (Jacobs, 1961;Gehl, 1987;Montgomery, 1998;Taylor, 1999;Oskrochi, 2008;Kacha et al 2013;Akbarishahabi and Tekel, 2017). In these studies, especially focusing on spatial richness and fractal geometry, it has been revealed that fractal dimension is an important indicator of spatial richness, and it has been concluded that as the level of visual diversity in images increases, the fractal dimension increases.…”

Section: Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Doğadaki sıklıkla rastlanan düzen, ritim ve çeşitlilik fraktal yapıların temelini oluşturmaktadır. Fraktal kentlerde ise, kaostan kozmosa yeni bir düzen yaratan sistem (Batty ve Longley, 1994) ölçekler arasındaki hiyerarşi ve benzerlik söz konusudur (Cooper, 2003). Kentsel sistemleri oluşturan unsurlar arasında boyutsal hiyerarşiden kaynaklanan ve tek boyutlu olmayan ve matematiksel kurallarla açıklanabilen bir karmaşıklık, zenginlik ve düzen görülmektedir (Alexander vd., 1977;Salingaros, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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An Analysis about Spatial Richness of the Streets as a Building Stone of Urban Image via Fractal Geometry

2022

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In the historical process, social, cultural, and physical changes and transformations have occurred in many areas. In the 21st century, changes have begun to be seen in the approaches to cities. It is considered that the city of the future is not going to be a continuation of the cities of the past no longer. Cities, which are formed with an infinite number of elements and structures, are now explained as dynamic, non-linear, complex systems that are in constant change and transformation. In the changing new approach, it is stated that the most important element that defines cities and contributes significantly to their identities is the richness of urban space. In this context, the richness of urban space was evaluated by the fractal geometry method within the study. This street-scale study provides an analysis of the spatial richness of 46 streets selected from the cities of Istanbul and Ankara. The differentiation of physical qualities was decisive in the selection of streets as the sample area. First, the fractal dimensions of the street images were calculated with the help of the HarFa 5.5 program, and correlation analysis was performed in the SPSS 22 program to decide the connection between the obtained values and the physical qualities of the streets. As a result of the analysis, it has been decided that the total number of buildings, the number of buildings with distinctive frontage arrangements, the density of the building facades, the intensity of the reinforcement and elements, the frequency of the landscape elements, the street width and the closure rate affect the fractal dimension in a statistically significant way.

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“…Again, however, there remains considerable uncertainty about the processes in operation (Batty and Longley, 1988). More recently, fractals have been applied to urban design and form, attempting to measure and compare features important in understanding the complexity and character of places (Cooper, 2003(Cooper, , 2005Robertson, 1992). It is confidently asserted that the everyday environment is fractal (Crompton, 2001).…”

Section: Computers and Urban Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of urban form in Great Britain

Larkham

2006

jum

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This paper examines the history of the study of urban form in Great Britain, tracing its origins, the development of an ’indigenous’ strand of work, and the introduction of M.R.G. Conzen’s ideas. ’Urban form’ is defined unusually widely, as many disparate strands of work have an influence upon that definition as currently conceived, including the consideration of agents and agency in urban change. Methods and techniques are discussed, from Conzenian plan analysis to computers and fractals. The main disciplinary focus is geographical, but studies from a broad range of other disciplines are also considered.

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Fractal assessment of street-level skylines: a possible means of assessing and comparing character

Cited by 21 publications

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A new quantitative evaluation method of urban skyline based on object-based analysis and constitution theory

A new quantitative evaluation method of urban skyline based on object-based analysis and constitution theory

An Analysis about Spatial Richness of the Streets as a Building Stone of Urban Image via Fractal Geometry

The study of urban form in Great Britain

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