“…Residue-level resolution can also be achieved by proteolytic digestion followed by liquid chromatography LC-MS/MS analysis (i.e., bottom-up approach). To date, protein footprinting has been employed to research the HOS of a plethora of large systems such as antibodies, large multi-protein assemblies, viruses, membrane proteins embedded in micelles, nanodiscs, and intact cells (Baerga-Ortiz et al, 2002;Lanman et al, 2004;Guan & Chance, 2005;Coales et al, 2009;Houde et al, 2009;Espino, Mali, & Jones, 2015;Lu et al, 2016;Watkinson et al, 2017;Zhu et al, 2017). In this review, we will look at the contributions of Dr. Michael Gross to structural biology, specifically, in the field of protein footprinting.…”