2004
DOI: 10.1076/edre.10.1.71.26298
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Four Types of School Environment: Multilevel Self-Management and Educational Quality

Abstract: How school-based management in the form of multilevel self-management is related to educational quality is a crucial issue in current educational reforms. An empirical study was conducted to explore this issue in a sample of 68 primary schools in Hong Kong. It was found that the school environment of sampled schools could be classified into 4 types: Bottom-level Self-Managing (BSM), Top-level Self-Managing (TSM), Mediocre Self-Managing (MSM), and Poor Self-Managing (PSM). The performances of the school, groups… Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…Team involvement is essential in the implementation of TQM in schools, empowering workers to take the initiative to improve the processes and quality (Sulaiman et al , 2013; Nawelwa et al , 2015), enhancing communication flows and focusing on a data-driven decision-making (Powell, 2000; Ah-Teck and Starr, 2014). Quality performance of groups is expected to be very important and necessary in teaching and daily work to enhance students' learning (Cheng and Cheung, 2004).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Team involvement is essential in the implementation of TQM in schools, empowering workers to take the initiative to improve the processes and quality (Sulaiman et al , 2013; Nawelwa et al , 2015), enhancing communication flows and focusing on a data-driven decision-making (Powell, 2000; Ah-Teck and Starr, 2014). Quality performance of groups is expected to be very important and necessary in teaching and daily work to enhance students' learning (Cheng and Cheung, 2004).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Quality is the sum of the characteristics that affect the product or service, which depend on the satisfaction degree of the identified needs (Cheng & Cheung, 2004). Therefore, first generation researchers who first used this concept have defined the concept of quality as excellence in education.…”
Section: Effective School and The Concept Of Education Qualitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One of the major impacts of these reform efforts is the change in both the conception of and approaches to quality assurance and school monitoring in Hong Kong. The quality assurance literature has identified several perspectives from which quality in education can be conceptualized (Campell andRozsnyani 2002, quoted in Mizikaci 2006; M. M. C. Mok (B) Centre for Assessment Research and Development, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Tai Po, Hong Kong e-mail: mmcmok@ied.edu.hk Cheng and Cheung 2001). Indeed, quality in education is multifaceted, multidimensional (Cheng and Cheung 2001) and is described by some as a dynamic positive concept (Mukhopadhyay 2001). Consequently, it is not surprising that the Hong Kong government has adopted an eclectic approach and applied the following conceptions in its implementation of quality assurance and school monitoring:…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…• Quality as fitness of educational outputs for use (Cheng and Cheung 2001;Crosby 1979;Juran and Gryna 1988;Mizikaci 2006): This conception requires that the product of educational process meet the needs and desires of strategic constituencies. With this conception, views of such key stakeholders as parents and employers are solicited to ensure that schools have satisfied their needs.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%