Four-parameter equation for predicting enthalpies of adduct formation

Drago, Russell S.; Vogel, Glenn C.; Needham, Terence E.

doi:10.1021/ja00752a010

Cited by 435 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For the acid-base interacting liquids, the exact values of Δv ab were calculated by the deviation from the linear relationship satisfied in non-interacting liquids [27]. On the basis of quantum mechanics, Drago [28] explained the linear relationship between enthalpy of adduct formation and the shift in the frequency of vibration:…”

Section: Fig 3 Heat Of Mixing H M /(N X + N Z ) Vs Molar Fraction mentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of powder injection moulding binders: A quantification of individual components' interactions

2015

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The study of interactions between binder system components is critical for improving the processing properties of powder injection moulding (PIM) feedstocks. In this paper the interactions between acrawax (AW) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were analysed and compared with those obtained for carnauba wax (CW). Due to the complexity of interaction mechanisms, the polymers were substituted with their basic low molecular weight analogues and analysed by FTIR and calorimetry. Self-interaction energies and association energies were determined using calorimetric analysis. Shifts of FTIR absorption peaks (C-O stretch and N-H stretch) served as evidence of the presence of interactions between the components. The calorimetric study of AW/PEG analogues showed a temperature increase during mixing, indicating the presence of strong interactions. The combined data from FTIR and calorimetry allowed a quantitative evaluation, which indicated about two times stronger interactions between AW (with C=O and N-H groups) and PEG (with C-O and -OH groups), as compared to CW (with C=O and C-O groups) and PEG analogues.

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Section: Fig 3 Heat Of Mixing H M /(N X + N Z ) Vs Molar Fraction mentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of powder injection moulding binders: A quantification of individual components' interactions

2015

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“…The Edwards equation (26), the Drago equation (27), and Pearson's concept of hardness and softness of acids and bases (28) are familiar attempts to correlate reactivities, quantitatively or qualitatively, in terms of the minimal four parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cation–anion combination reactions. 26. A review

Ritchie¹

1986

Can. J. Chem.

196

175

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Rate and equilibrium constants for reactions of carbocations, and a few other electrophiles, with anionic and neutral nucleophiles in several solvents are summarized. Equilibrium constants for such reactions are a measure of the carbon basicities of the nucleophiles, and are discussed in the context of differences in proton and carbon basicities. The factors affecting the kinetic reactivities of nucleophiles are not well understood, even though the reactivity patterns are frequently the same toward widely different electrophiles.

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“…The enthalpy of acid-base interaction, ΔH ab , necessary for the determination of the specific component of the reversible work of adhesion, can be calculated from the acid-base constants of the interacting phases by using the theory of Drago [179] or Guttman [180].…”

Section: Type and Strength Of Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics

Móczó

Pukánszky

2017

Fillers for Polymer Applications

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The characteristics of particulate filled thermoplastics are determined by four factors: component properties, composition, structure and interfacial interactions. The most important filler characteristics are particle size, size distribution, specific surface area and particle shape, while the main matrix property is stiffness. Segregation, aggregation and the orientation of anisotropic particles determine structure. Interfacial interactions lead to the formation of a stiff interphase considerably influencing properties. Interactions are changed by surface modification, which must be always system specific and selected according to its 2 goal. Under the effect of external load inhomogeneous stress distribution develops around heterogeneities, which initiate local micromechanical deformation processes determining the macroscopic properties of the composites. INTRODUCTUIONParticulate filled polymers are used in very large quantities in all kinds of applications. The total consumption of fillers in Europe alone is currently estimated as 4.8 million tons (Table 1) [6]. In spite of the overwhelming interest in nanocomposites, biomaterials and natural fiber reinforced composites, considerable research and development is done on particulate filled polymers even today. The reason for the continuing interest in traditional composites lays, among others, in the changed role of particulate fillers. In the early days fillers were added to the polymer to decrease price.However, the ever increasing technical and aesthetical requirements as well as soaring material and compounding costs require the utilization of all possible advantages of fillers.Fillers increase stiffness and heat deflection temperature, decrease shrinkage and improve the appearance of the composites [9][10][11][12][13]. Productivity can be also increased in most thermoplastic processing technologies due to their decreased specific heat and increased heat conductivity [9,10,[14][15][16][17]. Fillers are very often introduced into the polymer to create new functional properties not possessed by the matrix polymer at all like flame retardancy or conductivity [18][19][20][21]. Another reason for the considerable research activity is that new fillers and reinforcements emerge continuously among others layered silicates [7,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], wood flour [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37], sepiolite [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49], etc.The properties of all heterogeneous polymer systems are determined by the same four factors: component properties, composition, structure and interfacial interactions [9,50]. Although certain fillers and reinforcements including layered silicates, other nanofillers, or natural fibers possess special characteristics, the effect of these four factors is universal and valid for all particulate filled materials. As a consequence, in this paper 3 we focus our attention on them and discuss the most important theoretical and practical aspects of composite preparation and use accordingly. The general rules of h...

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Four-parameter equation for predicting enthalpies of adduct formation

Cited by 435 publications

References 4 publications

The development of powder injection moulding binders: A quantification of individual components' interactions

The development of powder injection moulding binders: A quantification of individual components' interactions

Cation–anion combination reactions. 26. A review

Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics

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