Four-Mode Programmable Metamaterial Using Ternary Foldable Origami

Abstract

Designing a multifunctional metamaterial with programmable feature has become a new trend in mechanical, acoustic, and electromagnetic research fields due to the controllability of their structural behaviors and functionalities. The codable or reconfigurable structures have shown more remarkable characteristics than the traditional and conventional metamaterials to implement functional programmability. However, structural complexity and hi-tech requirement are the biggest constraints to their practical applications. This paper numerically and experimentally investigates a programmable metamaterial based on ternary foldable origami in the gigahertz-frequency regime. The proposed metamaterial provides four transformable modes corresponding to four different functions of electromagnetic reflector and frequency-selectable absorbers by programming unique ternary foldable origami coded as "0", "1", and "2" for different folding levels. Interestingly, the proposed foldable origami consists of a simple dielectric paper and a bottom conductor, while there is no conductive pattern on the top. Therefore, the proposed programmable metamaterial is extremely robust and can be extended to a multiresonance mode and origami computing.

Acoustic Metamaterials for Noise Reduction: A Review

“…Further, numerical simulations and experimental methods were used to study a triple‐origami programmable metamaterial based on the gigahertz band (Figure 3d). [ 60 ] By writing a “0,” “1”, or “2” ternary foldable origami program for the metamaterials, the programmable design strategy enables the fusion of acoustic metamaterials and origami structures, thus providing a wide scope for controlling elastic and sound waves. In another study, programmable acoustic metamaterials were combined with piezoelectric regulation to transform incident surface sound waves into volume shear waves, while directional behavior in the inversion space was investigated as a strategy for realizing functional surface acoustic wave devices.…”

Actively MEMS-Based Tunable Metamaterials for Advanced and Emerging Applications

“…By properly engineering the geometrical dimensions and material compositions of their subwavelength periodic unit cells, the permittivity and permeability of metamaterials can be manually controlled. Owing to that, metamaterials are widely studied in cloaking devices, energy harvesting, medical imaging, negative refraction index, and so on [4][5][6]. The operating wavelength range of metamaterials can be spanned in the entire EM spectrum by physically scaling the geometry, starting from visible light [7][8][9][10] to infrared (IR) [11][12][13][14], terahertz (THz) [15][16][17][18][19][20], and microwaves [21][22][23][24].…”

Transforming single-band static FSS to dual-band dynamic FSS using origami

“…By changing an antenna’s length, shape or spacing of its radiating elements, we can alter its resonant frequency, radiation pattern, and other EM characteristics 27 , 28 . Le et al 18 investigated a programmable metamaterial based on ternary foldable origami in the gigahertz regime, providing four transformable modes corresponding to four different functions of electromagnetic reflector and frequency-selective absorbers. Liu et al 22 , 26 investigated origami bifilar and multi-radii monofilar helical antennas that can operate in different frequency bands.…”

“…Origami is the art of paper folding that can transform planar sheets to 3D geometries, and it has recently inspired scientists and engineers in different disciplines. Using its geometrical and structural properties, innovative designs of mechanical metamaterials have been introduced throughout the last 10 years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . For instance, Eidini et al 1 studied the mechanical properties and origami folding techniques of a specific pattern (i.e., Miura-Ori), showing its applicability to a wide range of applications from mechanical metamaterials to deployable structures.…”