Actively MEMS-Based Tunable Metamaterials for Advanced and Emerging Applications

Xu, Ruijia; Lin, Yu‐Sheng

doi:10.3390/electronics11020243

Cited by 47 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…Recently, there was a large interest and progress in the field of actively MEMS-based tunable circuits and metamaterials [ 1 ]. A first comparison with the literature and current state-of-the-art can be conducted in terms of frequency range of operation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A first comparison with the literature and current state-of-the-art can be conducted in terms of frequency range of operation. Significant advances have been obtained for tunable metamaterials that work at THz frequencies up to the infrared [ 1 ]. Our study focused instead on SRR metamaterials resonating in the MW range, and specifically from the S band to the K band.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reconfigurable devices, circuits and metamaterials are a major trend in current research in physics and engineering [ 1 ] with applications ranging from ICT [ 2 ] to sensors and monitoring technologies [ 3 ]. In this respect, metamaterial-inspired architectures [ 4 ] and split ring resonators (SRRs) attracted large interest [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconfigurable Split Ring Resonators by MEMS-Driven Geometrical Tuning

Leo

Bramanti

Giusti

et al. 2023

Sensors

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A novel approach for dynamic microwave modulation is proposed in the form of reconfigurable resonant circuits. This result is obtained through the monolithic integration of double split ring resonators (DSRRs) with microelectromechanical actuators (MEMS) for geometrical tuning. Two configurations were analyzed to achieve a controlled deformation of the DSRRs’ metamaterial geometry by mutual rotation or extrusion along the azimuthal direction of the two constituent rings. Then, the transfer function was numerically simulated for a reconfigurable MEMS–DSRR hybrid architecture where the DSRR is embedded onto a realistic piezo actuator chip. In this case, a 370 MHz resonance frequency shift was obtained under of a 170 µm extrusion driven by a DC voltage. These characteristics in combination with a high Q factor and dimensions compatible with standard CMOS manufacturing techniques provide a step forward for the production of devices with applications in multiband telecommunications and wireless power transfer and in the IoT field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconfigurable Split Ring Resonators by MEMS-Driven Geometrical Tuning

Leo

Bramanti

Giusti

et al. 2023

Sensors

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“…In the visible region, materials such as Sapphire, Quartz, polydimethylsiloxane, and graphene can be used as indicated in [126]. The authors in [127] and [128] highlighted suspended nano disk, reconfigurable color filters based on suspended rectangular and elliptical lithium niobate (LiNbO3) on Si substrate, coated with a mirror layer; nanowire with ultra-low refractive index; tuning can also be performed by varying the helicity of the incident light.…”

Section: A Optical Ris Vs Rf Rismentioning

confidence: 99%

RIS-Assisted Visible Light Communication Systems: A Tutorial

Aboagye¹,

Ndjiongue²,

Ngatched³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Recent intensive and extensive development of the fifth-generation (5G) of cellular networks has led to their deployment throughout much of the world. As part of this implementation, one of the challenges that must be addressed is the skip-zone problem, which occurs when objects such as trees, people, animals, and vehicles obstruct the transmission of signals.In free-space optical (FSO) and radio frequency (RF) systems, dead zones are most often caused by buildings and trees, while in visible light communications (VLC), obstructions are caused by individuals moving around a room or objects placed in the room. A signal obstruction can significantly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio in RF and indoor VLC systems, whereas in FSO systems, where the transmitted signals are directional, the obstruction can completely disrupt data transmission. Therefore, the skipzone dilemma must be resolved to ensure the smooth and efficient operation of 5G and beyond networks. By placing a relay between a transmitter and a receiver, the effects of obstacles can be mitigated. As a result, the signal from the transmitter will reach the receiver. In recent years, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) that are more efficient than relays have become widely accepted as a method of mitigating skip-zones and providing reconfigurable radio environments. However, there have been limited studies on RISs for optical wireless communication (OWC) systems. Through the RIS technology, OWC and RF communication channels can be reconfigured. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive tutorial on indoor VLC systems utilizing RIS technology. The article discusses the basics of VLC and RISs and reintroduces RISs for OWC systems, focusing on RIS-assisted indoor VLC systems. We also provide a comprehensive overview of optical RISs and examine the differences between optical RISs, RF-RISs, and optical relays. Furthermore, we discuss in detail how RISs can be used to overcome line-of-sight blockages and the device orientation issue in VLC systems while revealing key challenges such as RIS element orientation design, RIS elements to access point/user assignment design, and RIS array positioning design problems that need to be studied. Moreover, we discuss and propose several research problems on integrating optical RISs with other emerging technologies, including non-orthogonal multiple access, multiple-input multiple-output systems, physical layer security, and simultaneous lightwave and power transfer in VLC systems. Finally, we highlight other important research directions that can further improve the performance of RISassisted VLC systems.

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“…From such diversified spectrum of applications, it has been evident that MEMS are useful candidates in medical, chemical, and biological fields [9][10][11] . Recent developments in MEMS technology, in particular, have completely changed trends in a variety of industries, including sports, aerospace, biomedicine, electronics, home appliances, and automotive [12][13][14][15][16] . Microscale MEMS devices can run independently or in conjunction with other hardware.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Microchannel Fabrication Methods and Applications in Large-Scale and Prospective Industries

Afzal¹,

Tayyaba²,

Ashraf³

et al. 2022

Evergreen

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Microchannels based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have received a lot of interest in the microfluidics and biomedical fields over the past forty years. While their applications have been multifarious, a comprehensive literature review focusing on their design, type, and applications is not currently present in the literature. Researchers working on these elements of microchannels will gain targeted knowledge from the current review on microchannels. Due to its advanced properties, flexibility of mass, and small size, microdevice demand has been rising quickly, particularly in industrial applications. The classification of microchannels and their uses are the main focus of this work. These include but are not limited to molding, electroplating, lithography, lab-ona-chip, micromolding, micromachining, micromilling, laser ablation, lithography, microcontact printing (µcp), hot embossing, electrochemical micromachining (EMM), and etching. In addition, numerous hybrid techniques for microchannel manufacturing have been reported. So, in essence, this review offers a range of advancements in microchannel manufacturing. The review also attempts to present a qualitative analysis describing the various methodologies associated with microchannels in terms of their design, shape, and flow regimes for applications such as pressure drop and transfer of heat prediction. Additionally, depending on the precise uses needed, a number of materials, including but not limited to ceramics, silicon, metals, and polymers, are utilized in the manufacture of microchannels. On metallic substrates, polymers such as silicon, glass, and polymeric materials are used. The biomedical industry uses polymeric and glass substrates instead of silicon substrates, which are used for mechanical engineering and electronic applications. In addition to outlining methods for choosing the best kind of microchannel, this paper also suggests important directions for the future.

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Actively MEMS-Based Tunable Metamaterials for Advanced and Emerging Applications

Cited by 47 publications

References 120 publications

Reconfigurable Split Ring Resonators by MEMS-Driven Geometrical Tuning

Reconfigurable Split Ring Resonators by MEMS-Driven Geometrical Tuning

RIS-Assisted Visible Light Communication Systems: A Tutorial

A Review on Microchannel Fabrication Methods and Applications in Large-Scale and Prospective Industries

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