Fouling on ion-exchange membranes: Classification, characterization and strategies of prevention and control

Mikhaylin, Sergey; Bazinet, Laurent

doi:10.1016/j.cis.2015.12.006

Cited by 324 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 226 publications

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“…It is used for the detection of trace metals (e.g., Al, Cu, Fe, Cr, Zn, Ni, B, Mn, etc.) [123,127], being very suitable for inorganic fouling but it gives only qualitative information. Consequently, it needs to be coupled with additional analytical methods like atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) mentioned below.…”

Section: Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Icpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Nguyen, et al [131] used ICP-OES to analyze the inorganic elements accumulated in the fouling layer of MD membrane used with SWRO brines. A possible sample preparation is the immersion in an acid solution such as HCl or H 2 SO 4 in order to dissolve the precipitates and transform them into ionic form or heating the sample in furnace at 550 • C for about 16 h followed by a dissolution in an acid solution (HCl or HNO 3 ) and the subsequent analysis of the obtained solution(s) [123]. ICP-OES is very suitable for inorganic fouling.…”

Section: Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Icpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A resulting voltage is measured between electrode probes on either side of the channel and compared with the voltage at zero applied pressure. The streaming potential can be related to the zeta potential by factors that include the electrical conductivity, fluid viscosity and the structure of the channel [123]. More experimental details of zeta potential can be found in [122].…”

Section: Zeta Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The determination of the zeta potential can be carried out using several methods such as the streaming potential, vibrational potential, electrophoresis, electro-osmosis, etc. For fouling characterizations streaming potential and electrophoresis are the most considered methods [123].…”

Section: Zeta Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fouling in Membrane Distillation, Osmotic Distillation and Osmotic Membrane Distillation

et al. 2017

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Various membrane separation processes are being used for seawater desalination and treatment of wastewaters in order to deal with the worldwide water shortage problem. Different types of membranes of distinct morphologies, structures and physico-chemical characteristics are employed. Among the considered membrane technologies, membrane distillation (MD), osmotic distillation (OD) and osmotic membrane distillation (OMD) use porous and hydrophobic membranes for production of distilled water and/or concentration of wastewaters for recovery and recycling of valuable compounds. However, the efficiency of these technologies is hampered by fouling phenomena. This refers to the accumulation of organic/inorganic deposits including biological matter on the membrane surface and/or in the membrane pores. Fouling in MD, OD and OMD differs from that observed in electric and pressure-driven membrane processes such electrodialysis (ED), membrane capacitive deionization (MCD), reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), ultrafiltration (UF), microfiltration (MF), etc. Other than pore blockage, fouling in MD, OD and OMD increases the risk of membrane pores wetting and reduces therefore the quantity and quality of the produced water or the concentration efficiency of the process. This review deals with the observed fouling phenomena in MD, OD and OMD. It highlights different detected fouling types (organic fouling, inorganic fouling and biofouling), fouling characterization techniques as well as various methods of fouling reduction including pretreatment, membrane modification, membrane cleaning and antiscalants application.

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Section: Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Icpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Icpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Zeta Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Zeta Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fouling in Membrane Distillation, Osmotic Distillation and Osmotic Membrane Distillation

et al. 2017

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“…Generally, the alkaline cleaning is more suitable for cleaning anion-exchange membranes (146). Nevertheless, both procedures presented similar efficiency for recovering part of the membrane properties.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Membrane Electrochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of a cyanide-free copper electroplating solution by electrodialysis: study of ion transport and evaluation of water and inputs recovery

SCARAZZATO¹

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The two most common commercial copper baths are the acid sulfate copper bath and the alkaline cyanide copper bath. Alkaline copper baths are mostly used to coat parts with complex geometry and to avoid galvanic deposition when depositing a metal on a less noble substrate. Because of the toxicity of cyanide compounds, alternative baths have been developed using different complexing agents. The starting point of the present study is a cyanide-free strike bath developed for copper plating on Zamak substrates developed by the Institute for Technological Research of the State of São Paulo/ Brazil. The replacement of a raw material such as cyanide must be economically advantageous and technically feasible. Therefore, this study intended to propose an alternative to the treatment of liquid wastes from the mentioned bath, aiming at simultaneous water reclamation and chemicals recovery in a closed system. The electrodialysis membrane separation process was studied, using a laboratoryscale system operating with a synthetic solution simulating the rinsing waters from the HEDP-based bath. The feasibility of the technique was evaluated by analyzing operational parameters such as ion extraction, demineralization rate, concentration rate, current efficiency for each anionic specie and average energy consumption. Because HEDP is a chelating agent, the transport of Cu(II)-HEDP chelates through anion-exchange membranes was also evaluated by means of electrochemical methods. Chronopotentiometric and current-voltage curves were constructed for different model solutions containing the same compounds as the original bath. A relation between the presence of chelates in the solutions and the fixed ion exchange group could be established. Lastly, deposition tests were performed using electrolytes containing the recycled inputs and the characteristics of the coatings were analyzed. The results showed that an electrodialysis stack using strongly basic anion-exchange membranes was suitable to produce treated solutions and a concentrate containing the ions from the bath. The concentrate could be added to the copper bath to compensate eventual drag-out losses without affecting the quality of the coatings. Thus, the application of electrodialysis was shown to be a feasible alternative for recovering water and inputs from the evaluated solution, reducing the wastewater generation and saving natural resources.

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Fundamentals and Characterizations

2024

Ion Exchange Membranes

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Fouling on ion-exchange membranes: Classification, characterization and strategies of prevention and control

Cited by 324 publications

References 226 publications

Fouling in Membrane Distillation, Osmotic Distillation and Osmotic Membrane Distillation

Fouling in Membrane Distillation, Osmotic Distillation and Osmotic Membrane Distillation

Treatment of a cyanide-free copper electroplating solution by electrodialysis: study of ion transport and evaluation of water and inputs recovery

Fundamentals and Characterizations

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