Fossil proxies of near-shore sea surface temperatures and seasonality from the late Neogene Antarctic shelf

Clark, Nicola; Williams, Mark; Hill, D. J.; Quilty, Patrick G.; Smellie, John L.; Zalasiewicz, Jan; Leng, Melanie J.; Ellis, Michael A.

doi:10.1007/s00114-013-1075-9

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…The warming of the PlioMIP simulations is accompanied by increased precipitation ) and monsoonal activity and reductions in sea ice (Clark et al, 2013), although the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation shows little response (Zhang et al, 2013b). Global mean temperature response (Table 2), as well as polar amplification , do not show a strong correlation to either the use of preferred or alternate boundary conditions or to the initial conditions of the ocean.…”

Section: Pliomip Experiments 2 Global Warmingmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evaluating the dominant components of warming in Pliocene climate simulations

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP) is the first coordinated climate model comparison for a warmer palaeoclimate with atmospheric CO 2 significantly higher than pre-industrial concentrations. The simulations of the mid-Pliocene warm period show global warming of between 1.8 and 3.6 • C above pre-industrial surface air temperatures, with significant polar amplification. Here we perform energy balance calculations on all eight of the coupled ocean-atmosphere simulations within PlioMIP Experiment 2 to evaluate the causes of the increased temperatures and differences between the models. In the tropics simulated warming is dominated by greenhouse gas increases, with the cloud component of planetary albedo enhancing the warming in most of the models, but by widely varying amounts. The responses to mid-Pliocene climate forcing in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes are substantially different between the climate models, with the only consistent response being a warming due to increased greenhouse gases. In the high latitudes all the energy balance components become important, but the dominant warming influence comes from the clear sky albedo, only partially offset by the increases in the cooling impact of cloud albedo. This demonstrates the importance of specified ice sheet and high latitude vegetation boundary conditions and simulated sea ice and snow albedo feedbacks. The largest components in the overall uncertainty are associated with clouds in the tropics and polar clear sky albedo, particularly in sea ice regions. These simulations show that albedo feedbacks, particularly those of sea ice and ice sheets, provide the most significant enhancements to high latitude warming in the Pliocene.

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Section: Pliomip Experiments 2 Global Warmingmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evaluating the dominant components of warming in Pliocene climate simulations

et al. 2014

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“…The warming of the PlioMIP simulations is accompanied by increased precipitation (Haywood et al, 2013) and monsoonal activity (Zhang et al, 2013) and reductions in sea ice (Clark et al, 2013), although the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation shows little response (Zhang et al, 2013b). Global mean temperature response (Table 2), as well as polar amplification (Salzmann et al, 2013), do not show a strong correlation to either the use of preferred or alternate boundary conditions or to the initial conditions of the ocean.…”

Section: Pliomip Experiments 2 Global Warmingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Evaluating the dominant components of warming in Pliocene climate simulations

Hill¹,

Haywood²,

Lunt³

et al. 2013

Preprint

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The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project is the first coordinated climate model comparison for a warmer palaeoclimate with atmospheric CO₂ significantly higher than pre-industrial concentrations. The simulations of the mid-Pliocene warm period show global warming of between 1.8 and 3.6 °C above pre-industrial surface air temperatures, with significant polar amplification. Here we perform energy balance calculations on all eight of the coupled ocean–atmosphere simulations within PlioMIP Experiment 2 to evaluate the causes of the increased temperatures and differences between the models. In the tropics simulated warming is dominated by greenhouse gas increases, with cloud albedo feedbacks enhancing the warming in most of the models, but by widely varying amounts. The responses to mid-Pliocene climate forcing in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes are substantially different between the climate models, with the only consistent response being a warming due to increased greenhouse gases. In the high latitudes all the energy balance components become important, but the dominant warming influence comes from the clear sky albedo. This demonstrates the importance of specified ice sheet and high latitude vegetation boundary conditions and simulated sea ice and snow albedo feedbacks. The largest components in the overall uncertainty are associated with cloud albedo feedbacks in the tropics and polar clear sky albedo, particularly in sea ice regions. These simulations show that high latitude albedo feedbacks provide the most significant enhancements to Pliocene greenhouse warming

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“…The formation comprises up to 7.2 m of friable diatomaceous siltstone and sandstone with dark limestone lenses (Quilty et al, 2000). The age of the deposit is not well constrained, but diatom data suggest it was deposited between 4.4 and 2.74 Ma, and most likely at the earlier end of this range, possible 4.2 to 4.1 Ma (Clark et al, 2013). Cetacean fossils include a species of dolphin, a beaked whale, and baleen whale (Quilty et al, 2000;Fordyce et al, 2002).…”

Section: Palaeoenvironmental Proxiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctic climate and ice-sheet configuration during the early Pliocene interglacial at 4.23 Ma

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The geometry of Antarctic ice sheets during warm periods of the geological past is difficult to determine from geological evidence, but is important to know because such reconstructions enable a more complete understanding of how the ice-sheet system responds to changes in climate. Here we investigate how Antarctica evolved under orbital and greenhouse gas conditions representative of an interglacial in the early Pliocene at 4.23 Ma, when Southern Hemisphere insolation reached a maximum. Using offlinecoupled climate and ice-sheet models, together with a new synthesis of high-latitude palaeoenvironmental proxy data to define a likely climate envelope, we simulate a range of icesheet geometries and calculate their likely contribution to sea level. In addition, we use these simulations to investigate the processes by which the West and East Antarctic ice sheets respond to environmental forcings and the timescales over which these behaviours manifest. We conclude that the Antarctic ice sheet contributed 8.6 ± 2.8 m to global sea level at this time, under an atmospheric CO 2 concentration identical to present (400 ppm). Warmer-than-present ocean temperatures led to the collapse of West Antarctica over centuries, whereas higher air temperatures initiated surface melting in parts of East Antarctica that over one to two millennia led to lowering of the ice-sheet surface, flotation of grounded margins in some areas, and retreat of the ice sheet into the Wilkes Subglacial Basin. The results show that regional variations in climate, ice-sheet geometry, and topography produce long-term sea-level contributions that are non-linear with respect to the applied forcings, and which under certain conditions exhibit threshold behaviour associated with behavioural tipping points.

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Fossil proxies of near-shore sea surface temperatures and seasonality from the late Neogene Antarctic shelf

Cited by 12 publications

References 152 publications

Evaluating the dominant components of warming in Pliocene climate simulations

Evaluating the dominant components of warming in Pliocene climate simulations

Evaluating the dominant components of warming in Pliocene climate simulations

Antarctic climate and ice-sheet configuration during the early Pliocene interglacial at 4.23 Ma

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Fossil proxies of near-shore sea surface temperatures and seasonality from the late Neogene Antarctic shelf

Cited by 12 publications

References 152 publications

Evaluating the dominant components of warming in Pliocene climate simulations

Evaluating the dominant components of warming in Pliocene climate simulations

Evaluating the dominant components of warming in Pliocene climate simulations

Antarctic climate and ice-sheet configuration during the early Pliocene interglacial at 4.23 Ma

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Product

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Antarctic climate and ice-sheet configuration during the early Pliocene interglacial at 4.23 Ma