Fossil-Lagerstätte Enspel–a short review of current knowledge, the fossil association, and a bibliography

Poschmann, Markus; Schindler, Thomas; Uhl, Dieter

doi:10.1007/s12549-009-0017-1

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Identification is tentative, as other macrofossils of Oleaceae have not been reported from Enspel (Poschmann et al . ). Although one of the pollen records, described as Tricolporopollenites microreticulatus , was assigned to this family, it was likened to the taxon Fraxinus (Herrmann ), which produces wind‐dispersed samaras.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Late Oligocene mousebird converges on parrots in skull morphology

Mayr

2013

Ibis

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A new fossil stem group representative of Coliiformes (mousebirds) with a remarkable skull morphology is described from the late Oligocene of Germany. Oligocolius psittacocephalon sp. nov. for the first time preserves the skull of a post‐Eocene fossil mousebird. This exhibits a combination of skull features unknown from any other bird and converges on the skull of parrots in that the beak is separated from the cranium by a marked nasofrontal hinge and in that the interorbital part of the frontal bones is very wide. In addition, the mandible of the new species exhibits long retroarticular processes, which are unexpected because unlike in other coliiform birds exhibiting this feature, the short beak was probably not used for probing in substrate. It is hypothesized that the retroarticular processes of O. psittacocephalon instead served for a particular wide and forceful opening of the beak. Eight large fruit stones are situated in the area of the digestive tract of the new species. Preservation of most of these in a well‐delimited cluster in the region of the upper oesophagus suggests that, unlike in modern mousebirds, O. psittacocephalon had a crop. The new fossil shows that late Oligocene European stem group Coliiformes significantly differed from their extant relatives in morphology and probably also in feeding ecology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Here I report on a nearly complete skeleton of a new Oligocolius species from the late Oligocene (24.7 mya) Enspel Maar lake in Germany (Poschmann et al . ). The new fossil is the first mousebird from the late Oligocene, and indicates that Coliiformes were still much more diversified by that time than previously thought from the fossil record.…”

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confidence: 97%

Late Oligocene mousebird converges on parrots in skull morphology

Mayr

2013

Ibis

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“…The vertebrate fauna of Enspel includes also cyprinid fishes (Böhme 2000), crocodiles (Frey and Monninger 2010), birds (Mayr et al 2006;Mayr 2007), and mammals (Storch et al 1996;Engesser and Storch 1999;Mörs and von Koenigswald 2000;Mörs and Kalthoff 2010). Further information on Enspel locality may be found in Poschmann et al (2010) and Schindler and Wuttke (2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphibia of Enspel (Late Oligocene, Germany)

Roĉek

Wuttke²

2010

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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Amphibia from the Late Oligocene (MP 28) locality Enspel, Germany are represented by two caudates: a hyperossified salamandrid Chelotriton paradoxus and an indeterminate salamandrid different from Chelotriton in proportions of vertebral column. Anurans are represented by two forms of the genus Palaeobatrachus, one of which is nearly as large as P. gigas (now synonymized with P. grandipes). Pelobates cf. decheni, represented in this locality by three nearly complete adult skeletons and a large number of tadpoles, is the earliest record for the genus. Compared with later representatives of the genus, it does not yet possess specializations for burrowing. Ranidae are represented by two rather fragmentary and incomplete skeletons referred to as Rana sp. A comparatively large series of tadpoles was assigned to the Pelobatidae on the basis of tripartite frontoparietal complex. Most of them are premetamorphic larvae, and a few older ones are postmetamorphic, but they do not exceed Gossner stage 42.One specimen is a large premetamorphic tadpole (no rudimentary limbs) with a total body length of 147 mm. Anatomically, it can be equally assigned to Pelobates or to Eopelobates; the second possibility was excluded only on the basis of absence of adult Eopelobates in this locality.

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“…Poschmann et al 2010;Köhler and Uhl 2014), a first, rather preliminary, survey of such remains is presented here to document the presence of such remains at Enspel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…1) a Fossil-Lagerstätte of international relevance (e.g. Poschmann et al 2010), this locality also has an excellent age control by biostratigraphical dating (MP28) (Storch et al 1996;Engesser and Storch 1999), as well as absolute dating of basalts on the base and top of the Enspel sedimentary sequence (24.79−24.56 Mya) (Mertz et al 2007). Thus, Enspel represents an important point of reference for the development of terrestrial climates and ecosystems in the late Oligocene of Central Europe .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary note on fossil flowers and inflorescences from the late Oligocene of Enspel (Westerwald, W-Germany)

Uhl

2014

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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The present contribution provides a first preliminary overview on flowers and inflorescences which have been discovered in the late Oligocene FossilLagerstätte Enspel. These findings have so far been neglected in palaeobotanical studies on this locality, but several morphologically different types of flowers and inflorescences can be distinguished. Most of these have not yet been determined. The excellent morphological preservation of many of the flowers demonstrates that further careful investigations of these remains may provide important additional information about the diversity of this important palaeoflora and its palaeoenvironment.

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Fossil-Lagerstätte Enspel–a short review of current knowledge, the fossil association, and a bibliography

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Late Oligocene mousebird converges on parrots in skull morphology

Late Oligocene mousebird converges on parrots in skull morphology

Amphibia of Enspel (Late Oligocene, Germany)

Preliminary note on fossil flowers and inflorescences from the late Oligocene of Enspel (Westerwald, W-Germany)

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