Forming textured hydrophobic surface coatings via mixed wax emulsion impregnation and drying of poplar wood

Chen, Cong; Chen, Jinyu; Zhang, Shaodi; Cao, Jinzhen; Wang, Wang

doi:10.1007/s00226-020-01156-7

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…First DSC Heating Cycle Second DSC Heating Cycle The pure carnauba wax had a more complex melting trajectory, with higher melting temperature, as it is one of the highest melting natural waxes and can, therefore, be well distinguished from other waxes. The differences in thermal transitions could be related to its particular composition, which mainly contains fatty acid esters (70 to 82%), free alcohols (8 to 14%) and free acids (1 to 4%) and hydrocarbons (1 to 6%), with each having a specific melting behavior [55]. It was demonstrated before for pure carnauba wax that the first melting endotherms at T m = 61 and 78 • C were attributed to the heat absorbed by free acids and hydrocarbons, while the dominant melting endotherm at T m = 83 • C corresponded to heat absorption by fatty acid esters.…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of an Aqueous Bio-Based Wax Nano-Emulsion through Encapsulation

Samyn

Rastogi

2022

Nanomaterials

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The emulsification of biowaxes in an aqueous environment is important to broaden their application range and make them suitable for incorporation in water-based systems. The study here presented proposes a method for emulsification of carnauba wax by an in-situ imidization reaction of ammonolysed styrene (maleic anhydride), resulting in the encapsulation of the wax into stabilized organic nanoparticles. A parameter study is presented on the influences of wax concentrations (30 to 80 wt.-%) and variation in reaction conditions (degree of imidization) on the stability and morphology of the nanoparticles. Similar studies are done for encapsulation and emulsification of paraffin wax as a reference material. An analytical analysis with Raman spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy indicated different reactivity of the waxes towards encapsulation, with the bio-based carnauba wax showing better compatibility with the formation of imidized styrene (maleic anhydride) nanoparticles. The latter can be ascribed to the higher functionality of the carnauba wax inducing more interactions with the organic nanoparticle phase compared to paraffin wax. In parallel, the thermal and mechanical stability of nanoparticles with encapsulated carnauba wax is higher than paraffin wax, as studied by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis. In conclusion, a stable aqueous emulsion with a maximum of 70 wt.-% encapsulated carnauba wax was obtained, being distributed as a droplet phase in 200 nm organic nanoparticles.

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Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of an Aqueous Bio-Based Wax Nano-Emulsion through Encapsulation

Samyn

Rastogi

2022

Nanomaterials

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“…These emulsions can be applied as abrasion resistance, a paint modifier, a gloss agent, a heat resistance improver, an emulsion lubricant, and a fiber processing aid. [7][8][9][10] Wax emulsions are oil-in-water dispersions. Water is the distracting phase, while the solid hydrophobic wax particles are the dispersed phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The emulsifying polyethylene wax is an environmentally friendly material. These emulsions can be applied as abrasion resistance, a paint modifier, a gloss agent, a heat resistance improver, an emulsion lubricant, and a fiber processing aid 7–10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanohybrid emulsions stabilized with calcium phosphate oligomers prepared by self‐emulsification technology for ultra‐high abrasion resistance coating

Gao

Wu²,

Luo

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyethylene waxes are low molecular weight polyolefin synthetic waxes with outstanding mechanical properties, lubricating performance, and chemical stability, which are widely used in various industrial fields. The nonpolar nature of polyethylene waxes leads to low surface energy and poor compatibility with polar materials, which limits their development applications. Therefore, developing composites with better mechanical properties is essential to overcome this drawback. In this work, calcium phosphate oligomers (CPO) are employed to stabilize nano‐emulsions of polyethylene wax modified with maleic anhydride. The emulsification of emulsions was investigated under different NaOH dosages, temperatures, emulsification times, and rotational speeds. The prepared emulsions are used as additives in polyurethane coatings and starch slurries. The CPO can reduce the particle size of the nanohybrid emulsions and greatly improve the abrasion resistance of some polymer films as additive agents. The organic and inorganic units were homogeneously combined with properties of a complete and continuous organic–inorganic network. The emulsions exhibit ultra‐high abrasion resistance when applied to polyurethane coatings and starch pastes, broadening their range of applications.

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“…Wood has been ubiquitously applied in construction, furniture, tools, and fuel for thousands of years due to its advantages of high specific strength, renewable, sustainability, attractive appearance, and ability to regulate the indoor temperature and humidity (Nguyen et al 2018, Feng et al 2019, Chen et al 2020a. With the decrease of natural wood resources and increase in wood demand in China (Dai et al 2018), the fast-growth wood species has attracted attention where the potential applications and favorable performance of wood products were achieved when the natural wood was replaced by fast-growth wood (Chen et al 2020b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%