Forming of Metal Matrix Composites

Ceschini, Lorella; Morri, Alessandro; Rotundo, Fabio

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-096532-1.00311-3

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 204 publications

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“…[31]. The in situ processing of composite materials is cost-effective and scalable; however, for commercial applications, the chemical reactions are unpredictable, and insufficient knowledge of the processes must be addressed [32][33][34][35]. Studies have yet to be carried out on the mechanism responsible for the in situ formation of distinct phases due to the interaction of CaP, specifically β-TCP and Mg and its effect on their mechanical properties.…”

Section: Production Of β-Tcp Preformmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnesium Strengthening in 3D Printed TCP Scaffold Composites

Escalera,

Figueroa,

Casas-Luna

et al. 2023

J. Compos. Sci.

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This study reports the production of a Mg/15%β-tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 composite by combining direct ink writing for the β-TCP preform and liquid infiltration technique to obtain a continuous metal matrix composite. The influence of the volume fraction of β-TCP and the in situ reaction between ceramic and metal on the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated in detail. The β-TCP preform was uniformly distributed in the matrix, forming a continuous three-dimensional (3D) network. The obtained composite was characterized by means of relative density (He pycnometry), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron spectroscopy (EDX). The results suggested that a highly densified composite was processed. Three phases were identified as products generated by an exothermic reaction (Mg2Ca, CaO, and MgO); based on this, the chemical reaction mechanism for MgO formation was proposed. The compression and hardness tests showed that the Mg/15%β-tricalcium phosphate Ca3 (PO4)2 composite significantly improved its mechanical properties, i.e., 27% and 15% higher than pure Mg in compressive strength and yield strength, respectively. This behavior was attributed to the high densification of the resulting composite, strong chemical interfacial bonding, phase dispersion hardening (in situ phase formation), and the geometry and continuity of the reinforcement. These provided good load transfer from the Mg matrix to the reinforcement and contributed as strengthening mechanisms. The results reported in this investigation can help to design Mg/calcium phosphate continuous composites for biomedical applications.

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Section: Production Of β-Tcp Preformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Strengthening in 3D Printed TCP Scaffold Composites

Escalera,

Figueroa,

Casas-Luna

et al. 2023

J. Compos. Sci.

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show abstract

“…Nevertheless, in situ processing of composites is cost effective and scalable, but commercial applications are still limited by the unpredictability of the reactions and the insufficient knowledge concerning its processes. 98,[100][101][102][103][104] The properties of ex situ processed composites greatly depend on the volume fraction of the dispersed material, and in terms of processing, ex situ enable production of bulk materials that exhibit isotropic characteristics. For this reason and also because of ease of production and modest production cost, ex situ is widely preferred over in situ.…”

Section: General Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the size and shape of particles are determined by the kinetics of the process during the nucleation and growth activities. Nevertheless, in situ processing of composites is cost effective and scalable, but commercial applications are still limited by the unpredictability of the reactions and the insufficient knowledge concerning its processes 98,100‐104 …”

Section: Production Routes For Mmcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced production routes for metal matrix composites

Mussatto

Ahad

Mousavian

et al. 2020

Engineering Reports

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The use of metal matrix composites (MMCs) in a variety of products is significantly increasing with time due to the fact that their properties can be tailored and designed to suit specific applications. However, the future usage of MMC products is very much dependent on their beneficial aspects and hence it is critical to ensure in a robust repeatable manner the superior physical property advantages compared to conventional unreinforced monolithic metal counterparts. Although numerous routes are available for production of MMC products, each of them has their own advantages and disadvantages. This article provides an overview of advanced production routes for MMCs. The discussion also highlights challenges and presents a future prospectus for MMCs. Powder metallurgy and casting routes are still extensively used for production of MMCs. Aluminum alloys are today the most commonly used matrix materials in MMC products.Carbides (eg, SiC, TiC, and B 4 C), carbon allotropes (eg, CNTs and graphene), and alumina (Al 2 O 3) are currently the most used reinforcement materials. Nevertheless, the use of nano and of hybrid reinforcements are seeing increased usage in niche applications. Additive manufacturing (AM) is discussed as a novel production route for MMC products. This process represents a promising method for the production of MMC products.

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“…The study of aluminum-based metal matrix with graphite reinforcement particle is a combination of materials that have the potential to meet these industries requirements because of their higher mechanical properties leading to increasing efficiency [5]. MMC aluminum will exhibit improved mechanical properties and best performance when graphite reinforcing particles are homogeneously distributed with the right volume graphite fraction in the aluminum matrix [6]. Formation of interface of aluminum carbide Al4C3 was heavily investigated by many researchers in the field of carbon-based reinforced aluminum matrix nanocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of milling time on sintering properties and formation of interface Al4C3 on graphite reinforced Al-4.5Cu-1.5Mg nanocomposite

Fahmi

Rudianto²,

Widayatno³

et al. 2022

J Met Mater Miner

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Aluminum-based metal matrix nanocomposites have been extensively researched and developed for aerospace and automotive applications. Al-4.5Cu-1.5Mg with 0.5 wt% graphite were milled for 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, and 8 h using shaker mill under argon gas. The phenomena of deformation, fracturing, and cold welding during shaker mill were investigated to observe how the shaker mill effects on their morphology and formation of intermetallic phases due to its very high speed. Sintering under ultra-high purity argon gas for 99.9999% was done to produce high density materials. Intermetallic phase Al4C3 was found as a result reaction between aluminum and graphite during milling. Formation of Al4C3 is very important to the alloy as an interface between matrix and reinforcement particle in order to have higher hardness. A decrease in Peaks Cu and followed by an increase in Al2Cu precipitation in the XRD pattern occurred with increasing milling time. The role of Al2Cu precipitation is very important in improving mechanical properties, resulting in the highest hardness value reaching 97 HV and a density value of 83% at 8 h of milling.

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Forming of Metal Matrix Composites

Cited by 13 publications

References 204 publications

Magnesium Strengthening in 3D Printed TCP Scaffold Composites

Magnesium Strengthening in 3D Printed TCP Scaffold Composites

Advanced production routes for metal matrix composites

Effects of milling time on sintering properties and formation of interface Al4C3 on graphite reinforced Al-4.5Cu-1.5Mg nanocomposite

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