Forming Crystalline Polymer‐Nano Interphase Structures for High‐Modulus and High‐Tensile/Strength Composite Fibers

Abstract

PVA/single-walled nanotube (SWNT) composite fibers are fabricated using a steady shear-flow gel-spinning method. The resultant fibers show excellent tensile strength, modulus, and toughness of 4.9 GPa, 128 GPa, and 202 J Á g À1 , respectively. Templated interfacial crystallization of PVA in the vicinity of SWNT is controlled by tailoring the degree of undercooling of PVA during the composite solution preparation. WAXD shows that the templated crystallization behavior of the PVA at the SWNT interfacial region is new. PVA/SWNT fibers that exhibit interfacial structure show a predominant crystallization plane of (001) as compared to the (101) plane seen in PVA/SWNT fibers without a distinct interfacial structure. This demonstrates that the PVA interfacial region around SWNT has denser crystalline chain-packing.

The mechanical and electrical properties of direct-spun carbon nanotube mat-epoxy composites

“…Alternatively, CNT-solvent solutions can be injected into a bath of coagulating polymer solution to form unidirectional CNT-polymer fibres [11][12][13], termed class (b), or filtered to create planar isotropic 'buckypaper' mats, which are subsequently processed into planar composites via the infiltration of polymer solutions [14][15][16][17], class (c).…”

“…The reported moduli and strength of these classes of CNT-based composites [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] are assembled in Figure 2(a). For comparison, the strength and modulus of individual CNT walls [3,37] are included.…”

Antiplasticizing Behaviors of Glucarate and Lignin Bio‐Based Derivatives on the Properties of Gel‐Spun Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fibers

“…The strongest GA1/PVA fiber was 1.1 GPa tensile strength, 49 GPa Young's modulus, and 16 J g −1 toughness. Among GA2/PVA fibers, the best modulus value was 42 GPa obtained at 1.6% GA2, and the highest tensile strength was 1.4 GPa at 0.8% GA2, and with 0.8% GA2 the toughness was 35 J g −1 , which is comparable to Kevlar (at least 33 J g −1 ) . Other fibers' strain values were in the range of 3.5–5%, whereas 0.8% GA2 fibers had 8.1% strain.…”

Understanding the Mechanical and Conductive Properties of Carbon Nanotube Fibers for Smart Electronics

“…In the first method, CNT/solvent solutions are injected into a coagulation bath to obtain a CNT fiber by the diffusion of solvent out of the fiber. The CNT solution can be prepared by using surfactants, strong acids, and polymers . The second method involves processing vertically aligned CNTs grown from substrates by chemical vapor deposition; after drawing a CNT sheet out from a CNT forest, one can twist the sheet into a twisted CNT fiber or simply densify it into an untwisted CNT ribbon .…”