Formation of Ti2Cu in Ti-Cu Alloys

Ukabhai, K. Dyal; Curle, U. A.; Masia, Nomsombuluko; Smit, M.; Mwamba, I. A.; Norgren, Susanne; Öhman-Mägi, C.; Hashe, N. G.; Cornish, L. A.

doi:10.1007/s11669-022-00964-7

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The eutectoid reaction occurring at Ti-rich side of the diagram is β-Ti → α-Ti + Ti 2 Cu at the copper concentration of 7 wt. % ( Table 3 ) [ 253 , 254 ]. Therefore, copper can exist in three different states at room temperature in the Ti–Cu alloys, which are ordinarily designed for implants applications (copper concentration less than 10 wt.…”

Section: Ti–cu Antibacterial Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Ti–Cu implants: A critical review on mechanisms of action

Mahmoudi¹,

Akbarpour²,

Lakeh³

et al. 2022

Materials Today Bio

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Section: Ti–cu Antibacterial Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Ti–Cu implants: A critical review on mechanisms of action

Mahmoudi¹,

Akbarpour²,

Lakeh³

et al. 2022

Materials Today Bio

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“…Nevertheless, Ti64 alloy shows serious drawbacks such as poor wear resistance and low antibacterial activity, which may result in the early degradation of long-term prostheses [3]. To overcome these drawbacks, the addition of antibacterial metals such as silver and copper has been proposed [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. It has been reported in [13,14] that a high level of antibacterial activity is reached with the addition of less than 5 wt% of Cu or Ag.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powder Metallurgy Fabrication and Characterization of Ti6Al4V/xCu Alloys for Biomedical Applications

Vergara–Hernández

Olmos

Solorio

et al. 2023

Metals

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Ti6Al4V (Ti64) alloy is the most used metal material for bone implants because of its good biocompatibility and adapted mechanical properties. Nevertheless, it shows low antibacterial activity, which may favor its failure. Addition of antibacterial elements such as copper should avoid this drawback. This work studies the addition of Cu into a Ti64 matrix resulting in Ti64/xCu composites. Powder mixtures of Ti64/xCu were compacted in a die and then sintered at 1100 °C. Sintering kinetics indicate that densification is achieved by pore filling due to eutectic liquid formed by the reaction of Ti and Cu. The microstructure of the sintered samples is composed mainly of α-Ti and Ti2Cu phases, but TixCuy intermetallics were also found. Microhardness is increased by the addition of Cu due to densification and the formation of harder phases such as Ti2Cu. However, the stiffness and compression strength are barely the same for all composites. The corrosion resistance is significantly improved by the addition of Cu. Finally, the material with 15 wt% of copper showed the best compromise.

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Effects of Heat Treatment and Processing Conditions on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Ti–6.3Cu–2.2Fe–2.1Al Alloy

Klein,

Staufer,

Edtmaier

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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Adding transition alloying elements to achieve a columnar to equiaxed transition (CET) in Ti‐alloys is gaining attention in additive manufacturing (AM). AM which may be categorized as an advanced solidification process, is commonly a near‐net‐shape process. This thus does not allow traditional thermo‐mechanical processing to reduce grain size, which drives research toward novel alloys able to establish a primary grain structure with equiaxed grains upon solidification. The Ti‐Cu alloy system caught attention through inducing the CET, but so far, no focus was placed on its secondary, solid state, phase transformations during the heat treatment. Therefore, requiring modified heat treatment strategies to accommodate for the inability of mechanical preforming prior to heat treating and thus achieving desired mechanical properties. This work provides insights on microstructural evolution and tensile properties of a novel Ti‐6.3Cu‐2.2Fe‐2.1Al alloy gained in an extensive heat treatment study. Results show a lamellar α+β Widmannstätten microstructure with Ti2Cu precipitation and other features including grain boundary α, precipitate‐free zones, and very fine secondary α precipitates. Utilizing micrographs and fractographic imaging, the fracture mode is identified as quasi‐cleavage mode with preferential crack initiation at grain boundary α layers. Tensile tests on heat treated samples show high strengths with simultaneously limited ductility.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Formation of Ti2Cu in Ti-Cu Alloys

Cited by 11 publications

References 69 publications

Antibacterial Ti–Cu implants: A critical review on mechanisms of action

Antibacterial Ti–Cu implants: A critical review on mechanisms of action

Powder Metallurgy Fabrication and Characterization of Ti6Al4V/xCu Alloys for Biomedical Applications

Effects of Heat Treatment and Processing Conditions on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Ti–6.3Cu–2.2Fe–2.1Al Alloy

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