Formation of spring barley productivity depending on seed inoculation with a biopreparation and foliar fertilization in the Steppe of Ukraine

Abstract

Scientifically substantiated application the elements of technologies with the use of microbiological preparations, macro- and microfertilizers, new growth regulators of plants of organic origin, allows not only to increase grain yields, improve its quality, but also to affect the economic efficiency of spring barley cultivation. Today, biological, growth stimulants are widely used in various types of agricultural crops. They are an effective method of achieving increased productivity, increasing resistance to diseases and pests, which, in turn, makes them attractive to researchers. The introduction of biologically active substances in agricultural practice is impossible without a deep and comprehensive study of their effect on the growth and development of the plant, as it depends on the type of preparation, rate, processing time, varietal characteristics of the crop, and other factors. The aim of our research was to evaluate the effect of biopreparation of phosphorus mobilizing action and foliar fertilization with macro- and microfertilizers on the formation of spring barley productivity at sowing after predecessors of soybean, winter wheat, sunflower, and corn for grain in conditions of unstable soil moisture in Steppe zone. Due to significant fluctuations in weather conditions during the growing season of spring barley, by the bree­ding of ecologically adapted varieties, predecessors and using elements of technology that involve the seed treatment with biopreparations and foliar fertilization in the tillering phase of plants, one can consistently obtain grain yields at 4.32−5.23 t/ha. Improving the nutrient regime of the soil with the use of the preparation Polymyxobacterin based on the growth-stimulating bacterium Paenibacillus polimyxa KB contributed to the improvement of plant nutrition and increased the crop yield of spring barley by 0.17−0.65 t/ha depending on the predecessor. The increase in grain yield of spring barley from the use of foliar fertilizers with macro-and microfertilizers was 0.29−0.41 t/ha. The highest level of grain yield (5.68 and 5.18 t/ha) when sowing spring barley variety Statok after predecessors soybean and sunflower obtained in the trial of inoculation with phosphorus mobilizing preparation Polymyxobacterin and fertilization in the tillering phase with micro-fertilizer Reakom, after grain crops – 5.19 t/ha Polymyxobacterin + CAM 28, N8, after corn for grain – 4.92 t/ha, Polymyxobacterin + Urea, N8. The increase compared to control was 0.83 t/ha, 0.95; 0.83 and 1.25 t/ha respectively, by predecessors. The use of biopreparations based on effective microorganisms should be an integral aspect of modern agriculture, taking into account climate changes. The practical value of using biological preparations for seed inoculation before sowing in combination with foliar fertilization of macro- and microfertilizers in the period of formation of the generative organs is due not only to their efficiency but also the low cost of their use, which is an element of resource-saving technologies and eliminates environmental pollution.

Biological activity of soils in Ukraine depending on tillage options: A meta-analysis

“…However, this process in Ukraine is a little bit slower than in the Western-European countries, as most researchers and agricultural practitioners are focused mainly on getting the best crop productivity.Therefore, soil tillage systems in this regard are mainly estimated from the point of view of nutrients accumulation and availability for plants, as well as formation of optimal agrophysical parameters for root growth and moisture uptake, while soil biology remains beyond the scope of scientific interest (Tanchyk et al, 2022). A very small number of Ukrainian studies focus on the features of soil microbiota and fauna to understand its ecological conditions, and an even smaller number of studies are devoted to the establishment of soil biological activity under the impact of modern agricultural practices (Ishchenko & Kozelets, 2021;Langraf et al, 2021).…”

Elucidation of gene action and combining ability for productive tillering in spring barley

“…Each of the trends has certain requirements for the grain properties, which for the malting barley are opposed to feed and food purposes of use (Fang et al, 2019;Guo et al, 2020;Rani et al, 2021). The most suitable for malting are "traditional" covered awned barley varieties (Laidig et al, 2017;Gamayunova et al, 2021;Habschied et al, 2021;Ishchenko & Kozelets, 2021). Great advances in malting barley breeding have been achieved in Western Europe, as well as in some other countries of the World (Edney et al, 2014;Matthies et al, 2014;Mastanjević et al, 2017).…”

The Number of Microorganisms of Individual Ecological and Trophic Groups in the Rhizosphere Soil of Spring Barley Plants, Depending on the Introduction of Biological Preparations

“…Currently, the use of biological preparations, in particular, inoculants, biopesticides, regulators of growth of plants, microfertilizers, etc is an element of modern ecologically safe technologies for growing agricultural crops guarantees obtaining additional crops for small investments [4]. In particular, the results of research by a number of scientists [5] has showed that the treatment of spring barley seeds with the Vympel 2 plant growth regulator in combination with the use of Oracle microfertilizer contributed to the extension of the vegetation period of plants, an increase in their tilling ratio, an increase in their resistance to diseases and pests, and an increase in crop productivity.…”