Formation of seedlings of species from the genus passiflora under saline stress

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The genus Passiflora of the passion fruit crop is the most important from economic point of view. However, its cultivation in the semi-arid region is at risk due to salinity problems, requiring the identification of tolerant species, which develop better in environments with salinity problems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of water salinity on growth and formation of seedlings of three species from the genus Passiflora. The treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design, adopting a 5 x 3 factorial arrangement, with five levels of irrigation water salinity (ECw) of 0.3; 1.4; 2.5; 3.6 and 4.7 dS m -1 and three species of Passiflora: gibertii; cincinnata and edulis 'BRS Gigante Amarelo', with four replicates. P. edulis surpassed the others in leaf area, shoot, root and total dry matter and Dickson index of seedling quality. Irrigation water salinity inhibits the formation of seedlings evaluated by growth in height, stem diameter and shoot, root and total dry matter of the studied species of Passiflora. The interaction between ECw and the Passiflora species interfered significantly in height, root, shoot and total dry matter and Dickson quality index. ECw above 0.3 dS m -1 affects the Dickson quality index of P. gibertii more,compared with P. edulis and P. cincinnata.

Germination and morphophysiology of passion fruit seedlings under salt water irrigation1

“…Salt tolerance varies substantially in seedlings, even among genotypes of a same species, as observed in the two passion fruit varieties studied here (BRS GA1 and BRS RC) and by other authors (Sá et al 2013, Bezerra et al 2016, Moura et al 2017, Souza et al 2018 in different crops. According to Taiz & Zeiger (2013), salt stress can cause a nutrient and physiological imbalance that directly influences the conversion of carbon assimilated by plants, promoting a reduced growth and biomass accumulation, which may vary between varieties of a same species.…”

“…The effects of salt water irrigation on the production of fruit seedlings have already been investigated in papaya (Sá et al 2013), guava (Souza et al 2016), cashew apple (Silva et al 2009, Sousa et al 2011 and passion fruit (Sousa et al 2008, Moura et al 2017. Nevertheless, the magnitude of the effect of salt water on plants depends on other factors, such as the species, genotype, type of salt, stress intensity and duration, irrigation management and crop development stage, requiring the use of tolerant material, when applying salt water to agricultural crops (Lima et al 2016b).…”

Salt stress on physiology, biometry and fruit quality of grafted Passiflora edulis

“…Autografted P. edulis induced higher leaf production under conditions of high salinity, as verified in PH ( Figure 1A), and grafting in this species attenuated the effect of the salts, being an alternative for passion fruit cultivation with saline water. In salinity studies with Passiflora, Moura et al (2016a) found that P. edulis and P. gibertii are tolerant to salinity up to 4.7 dS m -1 and P. cincinnata is moderately tolerant, corroborating the results of the present study. However, it is important to point out that the plant may exhibit a higher number of leaves and even have a smaller total leaf area due to salt stress.…”

“…These authors observed that Radja and Pera rootstocks had better physiological responses at higher salinity levels (50 and 75 mM NaCl); likewise, the autografted P. edulis in the present study had greater growth under salt stress. Moura et al (2017) and Andrade et al (2018) verified that P. edulis was significantly affected by reduction in PH with increased water salinity, while Souza et al (2016) observed that the height of P. edulis under ECw of 4.0 dS m -1 was not affected in sandy soil, that is, this species has mechanisms of tolerance to salinity. Means followed by lowercase letters (species) for the same water salinity levels and uppercase lettrers (salinity) for the same species do not differ by Tukey's test (p ≤ 0.05).…”

“…In recent years, several studies have been carried out to evaluate the deleterious effects of salt stress on the yellow passion fruit crop (MONTAÑA, et al, 2014, FREIRE et al, 2014MOURA et al, 2016a;SOUZA et al, 2016;MOURA et al, 2017), but these studies are limited to analyzing only the effect of irrigation with waters of different levels of salinity on plants produced by seeds in the phase of seedling formation. To date, there is no information in the literature on the behavior of auto-and interspecific-grafted passion fruit plants under salt stress conditions in the fruiting stage on fruit quality.…”