Formation of Sedimentary Rock-Hosted Stratiform Copper Deposits through Earth History

Hitzman, Murray W.; Selley, D; Bull, SW

doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.105.3.627

Cited by 172 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that SSC deposits worldwide formed mostly in late Neoproterozoic and Permian continental rift basins, coincident with the breakup of the Rodinia and Pangea supercontinents, respectively (Brown 1997;Hitzman et al 2010). Both time periods are marked by extensive evaporite deposition and major global glacial events (Hitzman et al 2010;Warren 2010), which are thought to be important in ore formation.…”

Section: Possible Link To the Columbia Supercontinentmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Both time periods are marked by extensive evaporite deposition and major global glacial events (Hitzman et al 2010;Warren 2010), which are thought to be important in ore formation. Such a link between large-scale SSC mineralization and the supercontinental cycle has also been suggested to apply to the late Paleoproterozoic (Hitzman et al 2010).…”

Section: Possible Link To the Columbia Supercontinentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hitzman et al 2010). Available data show that giant SSC deposits formed in late Neoproterozoic and late Paleozoic basins, temporally coincident with the breakup of the Rodinia and Pangea supercontinents, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Movement of oxidized, cupriferous basinal fluids across a reduction front, which results in dramatic changes in redox state of the fluids, has been suggested as the main mechanism for large-scale sulfide precipitation (Brown 1997;Hitzman et al 2005Hitzman et al , 2010. Large-scale production of such oxidized fluids may not have been possible until the early Paleoproterozoic when the global atmosphere and oceans became oxidized (Holland 2005;Hitzman et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Available data show that giant SSC deposits formed in late Neoproterozoic and late Paleozoic basins, temporally coincident with the breakup of the Rodinia and Pangea supercontinents, respectively. Hitzman et al (2010) proposed that the formation of large-scale SSC deposits is a combined consequence of continental breakup, evaporite deposition, and global glaciation. However, there is no well-defined example that SSC deposits formed associated with the breakup of the late Paleoproterozoic Columbia supercontinent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Paleoproterozoic sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform copper deposits in South China: their possible link to the supercontinent cycle

Zhao

Zhou

et al. 2012

Miner Deposita

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Giant sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform copper (SSC) deposits commonly occur in rift environments, temporally coincident with the breakup of the Rodinia and Pangea supercontinents. However, whether or not such deposits have also formed during the breakup of the Paleoproterozoic Columbia supercontinent is not well known. A group of dolostone-hosted Cu deposits in late Paleoproterozoic rift-related sedimentary sequences of the Dongchuan Group, South China, form one of the largest SSC districts in the world. Being one of the largest SSC deposits in the region, the Yinmin deposit has stratiform Cu orebodies intruded by dolerite dykes. One dyke has a SIMS zircon U-Pb age of 1,701±28 Ma, slightly younger than the orehosting strata with a zircon U-Pb age of 1,742±13 Ma for a tuff unit. Six chalcopyrite and bornite separates from stratiform orebodies contain highly radiogenic Os and extremely low common Os and yield a weighted mean Re-Os model age of 1,666±82 Ma and a 187 Os-187 Re errorchron age of 1,585±100 Ma. The present zircon U-Pb and sulfide Re-Os ages thus constrain the timing of the mineralization at 1,700 Ma. The Yinmin deposit and, by inference, other SSC deposits in the region, arguably represent a large-scale SSC mineralization event during the late Paleoproterozoic. The formation of these deposits was coeval with the initial breakup/fragmentation of the Columbia supercontinent. This study highlights the temporal and likely genetic links between large-sized SSC deposits and the supercontinent cycle.

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Section: Possible Link To the Columbia Supercontinentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Possible Link To the Columbia Supercontinentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Late Paleoproterozoic sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform copper deposits in South China: their possible link to the supercontinent cycle

Zhao

Zhou

et al. 2012

Miner Deposita

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Modern and ancient amalgamated sandy meander‐belt deposits: recognition and controls on development

Hartley

Owen

Weissmann

et al. 2018

Fluvial Meanders and Their Sedimentary Products in the Rock Record

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Characterizing the cover across South Australia: A simple passive-seismic method for estimating sedimentary thickness

Agrawal

Eakin

O’Donnell³

2022

Preprint

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A blanket of sedimentary and regolith material covers approximately three-quarters of the Australian continent, obscuring the crustal geology below and potential mineral resources within. Sedimentary basins also trap seismic energy increasing seismic hazard and generating noisy seismograms that make determining deeper crustal and lithospheric structure more challenging. The most fundamental question that can first be asked in addressing these challenges is how thick are the sediments? Borehole drilling and active seismic experiments using a controlled seismic source (e.g. vibroseis) provide excellent constraints, but they are limited in geographical coverage due to their expense, especially when operating in remote areas. On the other hand, passive-seismic experiments that involve the deployment of seismic receivers only (i.e. seismometers) are relatively low-cost and portable, providing a practical alternative for initial surveys. Here we utilize receiver functions obtained for both temporary and permanent seismic stations in South Australia, covering regions with a diverse sediment distribution. We present a straightforward method to determine the basement depth based on the arrival time of the P-converted-to-S phase generated at the boundary between the crustal basement and sedimentary strata above. Utilizing the available borehole data, we establish a simple predictive relationship between Ps arrival time and the basement depth, which could then be applied to other sedimentary basins with some consideration. The method is found to work best for Phanerozoic sediments and offers a way to determine the sediment-basement interface in unexplored areas requiring only temporary seismic stations deployed for < 6 months.

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Formation of Sedimentary Rock-Hosted Stratiform Copper Deposits through Earth History

Cited by 172 publications

References 69 publications

Late Paleoproterozoic sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform copper deposits in South China: their possible link to the supercontinent cycle

Late Paleoproterozoic sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform copper deposits in South China: their possible link to the supercontinent cycle

Modern and ancient amalgamated sandy meander‐belt deposits: recognition and controls on development

Characterizing the cover across South Australia: A simple passive-seismic method for estimating sedimentary thickness

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