Formation of Neoarteries with Optimal Remodeling Using Rapidly Degrading Textile Vascular Grafts

Effects of Braiding Parameters on Tissue Engineered Vascular Graft Development

“…[47] In a previous study in rats, adding a PGS coating to a PGA arterial scaffold decreased the incidence of calcification and improved the inflammatory response seen with a shift in macrophage polarization. [22] While we have not specifically examined the molecular mechanism PGS may have on inflammation, for similar biodegradable scaffolds we have demonstrated this is a TGF-mediated process. [48] Our study further demonstrated that increasing the braiding angle toward the circumferential direction decreased distensibility at 12 weeks.…”

“…[43] Statistical regression analysis comparing the implanted scaffold parameters to the explanted neovessel characteristics demonstrated that the PGS coating decreased inflammation and increased collagen accumulation. The lower inflammation and macrophage density seen at explant (12 weeks), in comparison to other polymer-based vascular grafts at similar time, [22,23,44] likely reflected the near complete degradation of polymer by 12 weeks. PGA fibers appear birefringent under polarized light, [45] and the fibers were seen in 4 week explants but not at 12 weeks, suggesting complete degradation of the polymer by 12 weeks ( Figure S7, Supporting Information).…”

“…Measurements of the overall thickness of elastic laminae provided further insight into elastin deposition. [22] The effect of graft design was also significant (p < 0.001), and like elastin density, Design 2 uncoated and coated cohorts were significantly thicker compared to the other designs ( Figure 6c). Interestingly, Design 2 had a thicker elastic lamina compared to the native aorta, with significant differences seen between the Design 2 uncoated cohort and the native aorta (p = 0.0031).…”

Poly(Glycerol Sebacate) in Biomedical Applications—A Review of the Recent Literature

“…As the application of TEVGs is often limited due to the slow degradation rate, causing a prolonged inflammatory response or alter remodeling, rapidly degrading PGA braids were dip-coated with PGS and cured in a vacuum oven (120°, 40 h). [184,185] The graft was almost completely degraded after six months in vivo (rat abdominal aorta model) and remodeled to a new artery with continuous endothelium, contractile SMCs, ECM deposition, and similar mechanical properties to those of the native aorta were obtained. Additionally, PGS coating decreased the inflammation and calcification in the new artery.…”

Fiber Scaffold Patterning for Mending Hearts: 3D Organization Bringing the Next Step

“…The equilibrium between tissue regeneration and graft degradation was achieved in newly formed scaffold-tissue after 3 months in vivo with ex vivo mechanical properties comparable with the native aorta. [ 189 ]…”