Formation of Micro- and Nanostructures on the Nanotitanium Surface by Chemical Etching and Deposition of Titania Films by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)

Abstract

In this study, an integrated approach was used for the preparation of a nanotitanium-based bioactive material. The integrated approach included three methods: severe plastic deformation (SPD), chemical etching and atomic layer deposition (ALD). For the first time, it was experimentally shown that the nature of the etching medium (acidic or basic Piranha solutions) and the etching time have a significant qualitative impact on the nanotitanium surface structure both at the nano- and microscale. The etched samples were coated with crystalline biocompatible TiO2 films with a thickness of 20 nm by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). Comparative study of the adhesive and spreading properties of human osteoblasts MG-63 has demonstrated that presence of nano- and microscale structures and crystalline titanium oxide on the surface of nanotitanium improve bioactive properties of the material.

Modification of the Surface Topography and Composition of Ultrafine and Coarse Grained Titanium by Chemical Etching

“…15 min etching gives the network structure. More prolonged etching leads to the formation of shortened “ridges”—such structure can be called “coral-like” [ 23 ].…”

Antimicrobial and Osseointegration Properties of Nanostructured Titanium Orthopaedic Implants

“…It is generally accepted that the biocompatibility of titanium can be improved by the coating with bioactive titanium dioxide and by the presence of structures at micro- and nanoscales [ 39 ]. Especially plasma spraying, chemical vapour deposition, atomic layer deposition anodic oxidation, sol-gel and other methods have been established for nano-designs [ 40 ]. However, osteointegration is in first turn conditioned by osteoconduction (adaptive bone tissue growth/ingrowth).…”

“…Some impurities (e.g., V, Fe, F, C, N) derived from chemical etching solutions before anodizing. The detailed surface structure of nanotitanium processed by etching techniques is dependent on the etchant (e.g., acidic or basic Piranha solutions) and on the exposure time [ 40 ]. In contrast to anodization, where predominantly TiO 2 nanotubes are created, the nanotubes formed on Ti-6Al-4V by thermal oxidation were referred to as Ti-Al-V-O nanotubes.…”

Developing Nanostructured Metals for Manufacturing of Medical Implants with Improved Design and Biofunctionality

“…97) Biocompatible coatings can also efficiently make the nano Ti implants integrate with the human bone. 95,96) Presently, the research into synthesis of biocompatible coatings integrating the inorganic (Ca-, P-containing phases) and organic (biologically active and bioinert molecules) components on titanium implants appears to be topical state of the art. 99,100) Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) offers excellent possibilities for developing Ca-, P-containing biocompatible coatings on the surface of implants both for orthopedics and traumatology applications.…”