Formation of Li2O in a chemically Li-intercalated V2O5 xerogel

XPS study of Li ion intercalation in V2O5 thin films prepared by thermal oxidation of vanadium metal

“…In addition, the Li1s peak can be splitted into two or three components corresponding to intercalated Li (E B (Li1s) = 56.1), Li 2 CO 3 (E B (Li1s) = 55.2 eV) and Li 2 O (E B (Li1s) = 55.5 eV). The formation of lithium oxides has been previously discussed [22,34]. The presence of carbonates on the surface is confirmed, in our case, by the analysis of the O1s and C1s XP spectra described below.…”

“…Only two vanadium oxidation states (5+ and 4+) were observed after intercalation on our samples prepared by thermal oxidation of vanadium metal. V 3+ was also observed after Li intercalation in V 2 O 5 films prepared by different methods like xerogel [34] or physical deposition [16]. However, it was shown that the formation of V 3+ is observed after intercalation at 1.9 V and that only V 5+ and V 4+ are observed if intercalation is limited to 2.3 V [16], which is confirmed by our data obtained at 3.2 and 2.8 V. The proportion of vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) and vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) changes significantly with the stages of intercalation, and can be calculated from the V2p 3/2A (V 5+ ) and V2p 3/2B (V 4+ ) peak areas.…”

Graphene–V2O5·nH2O xerogel composite cathodes for lithium ion batteries

“…The Raman spectra for the carbon D and G bands of the pure graphene, composite 2 treated at 50 uC, and the three composites heat-treated at 200 uC are shown in Fig. 6 39 which could prevent reversible extraction and block the intercalation pathway. The redox peaks of composite 2 are located at about 3.76, 2.79, and 2.41 V for the cathodic process and at about 2.8, 3.17, and 2.82 V for the anodic process.…”

Nanostructured Vanadium Oxide Electrodes for Enhanced Lithium‐Ion Intercalation

“…[59] V 2 O 5 ·n H 2 O has a higher intercalation capacity than orthorhombic V 2 O 5 , however, V 2 O 5 ·n H 2 O may suffer from poor cycling life, possibly due to the reaction between lithium and the water in V 2 O 5 ·n H 2 O to form Li 2 O. [66,67] It has been found that V 2 O 5 ·n H 2 O exhibits a large capacity and good cycling performance when the water content in V 2 O 5 ·n H 2 O is reduced by thermal treatment; the influence of heat treatment on V 2 O 5 ·n H 2 O has been studied using V 2 O 5 ·n H 2 O synthesized from the NaVO 3 route [39,[68][69][70] and, more recently, on that synthesized by the H 2 O 2 -V 2 O 5 route. [58] …”