Formation of hierarchical porous graphene films with defects using a nanosecond laser on polyimide sheet

Wang, Fangcheng; Wang, Kedian; Dong, Xia; Mei, Xuesong; Zhai, Zhen; Zheng, Buxiang; Lv, Jing; Duan, Wenqiang; Wang, Wenjun

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.05.084

Cited by 49 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In particular, it is known that the 2D peak is sensitive, with a number of randomly stacked graphene layers along the c axis [18]. The presence of a strong 2D peak can arise from the graphene structures [19] induced by laser processing. This observation is consistent with our finding from the TEM in Figure 3, which showed the generation of graphene at a laser power of 4.5 W. It is reported that the ratio of I D / I G is an indicator of crystallization degree for the layered structures [19].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Graphene on Additive Manufacturing Parts

et al. 2019

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Additive manufacturing (AM) has become more prominent in leading industries. Recently, there have been intense efforts to achieve a fully functional 3D structural electronic device by integrating conductive structures into AM parts. Here, we introduce a simple approach to creating a conductive layer on a polymer AM part by CO2 laser processing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy were employed to analyze laser-induced modifications in surface morphology and surface chemistry. The results suggest that conductive porous graphene was obtained from the AM-produced carbon precursor after the CO2 laser scanning. At a laser power of 4.5 W, the lowest sheet resistance of 15.9 Ω/sq was obtained, indicating the excellent electrical conductivity of the laser-induced graphene (LIG). The conductive graphene on the AM parts could serve as an electrical interconnection and shows a potential for the manufacturing of electronics components. An interdigital electrode capacitor was written on the AM parts to demonstrate the capability of LIG. Cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and cyclability testing demonstrated good electrochemical performance of the LIG capacitor. These findings may create opportunities for the integration of laser direct writing electronic and additive manufacturing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Graphene on Additive Manufacturing Parts

et al. 2019

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“…These values are consistent with others whom have shown that a pulsed laser can be used to create LIG with varying degrees of graphitization of a polyimide substrate. [45][46] At longer laser pulse widths, the 2D band is not visible in the Raman spectra in combination with a broadened D and G peak with low intensity. Thus, further increase in pulse widths degrades the quality of the LIG samples, suggesting a laser-induced carbon amorphization as the sample is exposed to longer pulse widths.…”

Section: Sensor Development and Materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Laser-Induced Graphene for Nitrogen Sensing in Soil

Garland¹,

McLamore

Cavallaro

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

140

107

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Flexible graphene electronics are rapidly gaining interest, but their widespread implementation has been impeded by challenges with ink preparation, ink printing, and post-print annealing processes. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) promises a facile alternative by creating flexible graphene electronics on polyimide substrates through a one-step laser writing fabrication method. Herein we demonstrate the use of LIG, created through a low-cost UV laser, for electrochemical ion selective sensing of plant-available nitrogen (i.e., both ammonium and nitrate ions: NH4+ and NO3-) in soil samples. The laser used to create the LIG was operated at distinct pulse rates (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ms) in order to maximize the LIG electrochemical reactivity. Results illustrated that a laser pulse rate of 20 ms led to a high percentage of sp2 carbon (77%) and optimal peak oxidation current of 120 uA during ferricyanide cyclic voltammetry. Therefore, LIG electrodes created with a 20 ms pulse rate were consequently functionalized with distinct ionophores specific to NH4+(nonactin) or NO3-(tridodecylmethylammonium nitrate) within polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-based membranes to create distinct solid contact ion selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) for NH4+ and NO3-ion sensing respectively. The LIG SC-ISEs displayed near Nernstian sensitivities of 51.7 ± 7.8 mV/decade (NH4+) and -54.8 ± 2.5 mV/ decade (NO3-), detection limits of 28.2 ± 25.0 uM (NH4+) and 20.6 ± 14.8 uM (NO3-), low long-term drift of 0.93 mV/hr (NH4+) sensors and -5.3 μV/hr (NO3-) sensors and linear sensing ranges within 10-5-10-1 M for both sensors. Moreover, soil slurry sensing was performed and recovery percentages of 96% and 95% were obtained for added NH4+and NO3-, respectively. These results, combined with a facile fabrication that does not require metallic nanoparticle decoration, make these LIG electrochemical sensors appealing for a wide range of in field or point-of-service applications for soil health management. ABSTRACTFlexible graphene electronics are rapidly gaining interest, but their widespread implementation has been impeded by challenges with ink preparation, ink printing, and postprint annealing processes. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) promises a facile alternative by creating flexible graphene electronics on polyimide substrates through a one-step laser writing fabrication method. Herein we demonstrate the use of LIG, created through a low-cost UV laser, for electrochemical ion selective sensing of plant-available nitrogen (i.e., both ammonium and nitrate ions: NH 4 + and NO 3 -metallic nanoparticle decoration, make these LIG electrochemical sensors appealing for a wide range of in-field or point-of-service applications for soil health management.

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“…The novelty of this paper lies in the fabrication process and subsequent implementation of laser-induced graphene sensor. Firstly, the proposed fabrication approach solves the detachment issue of the graphene layer that is likely to happen in the case where the graphene formed on the source materials (e.g., polyimide film or recently natural woods or leaves), were directly used as the sensor electrodes, as commonly demonstrated in a lot of work [27,28,29,30,31,32,33]. At the same time, our proposed approach is simpler than the formulation of composite structures using elastomer or any other classes of material as shown in [34,35,36,37], which were proposed as alternative solutions for fabricating laser-induced graphene-based sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Flexible Sensor Based on Laser-Induced Graphene

Han

Nag

Simorangkir

et al. 2019

Sensors

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The paper presents the design and fabrication of a low-cost and easy-to-fabricate laser-induced graphene sensor together with its implementation for multi-sensing applications. Laser-irradiation of commercial polymer film was applied for photo-thermal generation of graphene. The graphene patterned in an interdigitated shape was transferred onto Kapton sticky tape to form the electrodes of a capacitive sensor. The functionality of the sensor was validated by employing them in electrochemical and strain-sensing scenarios. Impedance spectroscopy was applied to investigate the response of the sensor. For the electrochemical sensing, different concentrations of sodium sulfate were prepared, and the fabricated sensor was used to detect the concentration differences. For the strain sensing, the sensor was deployed for monitoring of human joint movements and tactile sensing. The promising sensing results validating the applicability of the fabricated sensor for multiple sensing purposes are presented.

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Formation of hierarchical porous graphene films with defects using a nanosecond laser on polyimide sheet

Cited by 49 publications

References 26 publications

Laser-Induced Graphene on Additive Manufacturing Parts

Laser-Induced Graphene on Additive Manufacturing Parts

Flexible Laser-Induced Graphene for Nitrogen Sensing in Soil

Multifunctional Flexible Sensor Based on Laser-Induced Graphene

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