Formation of gold nanoparticles and their aggregates in a liquid at magnetron deposition

Abstract

The influence of magnetron deposition conditions on the size of Au nanoparticles and their aggre gates obtained by condensation in a neutral liquid is studied experimentally. A model is suggested in which the nanoparticles and aggregates form in a thin subsurface layer, which becomes oversaturated by atoms and resulting nanoparticles when the liquid flows through a localized deposition zone. The process stops when the products leave this zone because of stirring. The size of nanoparticles and aggregates depends on the particle flux density and exposure time in the deposition zone. The final size of nanoparticles depends on the exposure time only slightly, while that of aggregates significantly depends on the exposure time. This allows one to pre pare a concentrated solution of almost monodisperse nanoparticles with a low degree of aggregation by prop erly selecting deposition conditions and multiply passing the liquid through the deposition zone.

Effects of Standing Waves on the Growth and Stability of Vapor Deposited Polymer Films

“…Active motion can be used to control diffusion and aggregation during deposition on liquid surfaces. For instance, Rogov et al circulated liquids via gravity driven laminar flow and a rotating cylinder during magnetron sputtering of Au onto vacuum oil to control the size and concentration of nanoparticle aggregates by tuning the liquid exposure time in the deposition zone and mixing the liquid. , …”

“…For instance, Rogov et al circulated liquids via gravity driven laminar flow and a rotating cylinder during magnetron sputtering of Au onto vacuum oil to control the size and concentration of nanoparticle aggregates by tuning the liquid exposure time in the deposition zone and mixing the liquid. 13,14 Here for the first time we modify an existing iCVD chamber to actively modulate liquids in situ via sound. The modulation of liquids via sound was first reported by Faraday in 1831 when a hydrodynamic instability was generated at the liquid surface in the form of waves by the vertical oscillation produced by the application of a violin bow at the edge of a fluid filled container.…”