Formation of conidial anastomosis tubes and melanization of appressoria are antagonistic processes in Colletotrichum spp. from apple

Gonçalves, Amanda Emy; Velho, Aline Cristina; Stadnik, Marciel J.

doi:10.1007/s10658-016-0934-6

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Nuclei were shown to move between fused conidia of many fungi viz. C. lindemuthianum, C. gossypii, C. nymphaeae, F. oxysporum, and N. crassa (Gonçalves et al, 2016;Kurian et al, 2018;Roca et al, 2005aRoca et al, , 2003Shahi et al, 2016). By performing DAPI staining, we also observed the movement of nuclei during CAT fusion between C. gloeosporioides and C. siamense (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In all these fungi, the conidial number threshold required for CAT induction is more or less same i.e. 1 × 10 6 conidia/ml (Gonçalves et al, 2016;Kurian et al, 2018;Leu L.S., 1967;Roca et al, 2005aRoca et al, , 2003Shahi et al, 2016). The combined conidial number requirement for inter-speci c CAT fusion in C. gloeosporioides and C. siamense was found to be 4 × 10 5 conidia/ml (2 × 10 5 conidia/ml for each species).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…2A). Among different species of Colletotrichum, it was reported that 16 days old culture of C. lindemuthianum and C. gossypii undergo CAT fusion, while 20 days old culture of C. fructicola and C. nymphaeae formed CATs (Gonçalves et al, 2016;Roca et al, 2004Roca et al, , 2003. If CAT fusion in other fungal genera is considered, the conidial age requirements for Fusarium oxysporum and Neurospora crassa were 7-10 and 4-5 days, respectively (Kurian et al, 2018;Roca et al, 2005a;Shahi et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CAT fusion has been demonstrated in many species of fungi (Roca et al 2005b). However, the CAT fusion has been extensively studied in C. lindemuthianum, C. gossypii, C. fructicola, C. nymphaeae, F. oxysporum, N. crassa and Venturia inaequalis and for many of these fungi; in-vitro methods have been developed to study the biology of CAT fusion (Gonçalves et al, 2016;Kurian et al, 2018;Leu L.S., 1967;Roca et al, 2005aRoca et al, , 2003Shahi et al, 2016;Wu et al, 2014). The CAT fusion has never been reported in C. siamense.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quorum sensing-mediated inter-specific conidial anastomosis tube fusion between Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum siamense.

Mehta

Baghela

2020

Preprint

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Many plant pathogenic filamentous fungi undergo fusion of conidia through conidial anastomosis tubes (CATs), which is believed to facilitate horizontal gene transfer between species. We discovered a remarkable inter-specific conidial anastomosis tube (CAT) fusion between two important plant fungal pathogens Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum siamense. In an In vitro assay, under no selection pressure, the inter-specific CAT fusion was preferred with higher frequency (25%) than intra-specific CAT fusion (11%). Different stages of CAT fusion viz. CAT induction, homing, and fusion were observed during this inter-specific CAT fusion. The CAT fusion was found to be higher in absence of nutrients and in the presence of physiological stresses. This CAT fusion involved a quorum sensing phenomenon, wherein the CAT induction was dependent on conidial density and the secreted putative quorum sensing molecules were found to be lipid based in nature. Movement of nuclei, mitochondria, lysosomes and lipid droplets were observed during the CAT fusion. Post CAT fusion, the resulting conidia gave rise to putative recombinants with variable colony characteristics as compared to their parental strains. Few recombinants showed variable AFLP banding pattern compared to their parental strains, thereby suggesting a possible genetic exchange between the two species through CAT fusion. The recombinants exhibited variable fitness under different stress conditions. Our study signifies possible role of inter-specific CAT fusion in generation of genetic and phenotypic diversity in these fungal pathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Quorum sensing-mediated inter-specific conidial anastomosis tube fusion between Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum siamense.

Mehta

Baghela

2020

Preprint

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“…CATs grow towards each other, whilst GTs avoids each other (Roca et al, 2005c). It has also been shown that GT formation and CAT fusion are antagonistic in Colletotrichum fructicola, Colletotrichum nymphaeae and Colletotrichum theobromicola (Gonçalves et al, 2016). Interestingly, it has been shown that older conidia were optimal for CAT fusion whilst younger conidia were optimal for GT formation in C. lindemuthianum; and in an inter-specific CAT fusion between C. gloeosporioides and C. siamense (Ishikawa et al, 2010; Baghela 2020); however, there is no such differential age requirements for CAT fusion versus GT formation in N. crassa and F. oxysporum (Kurian et al, 2018;Roca et al, 2005a;Shahi et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the differential physiological and molecular requirements for conidial anastomosis tube fusion and germ tube formation inColletotrichum gloeosporioides

Mehta

Patil

Baghela

2021

Preprint

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The conidia of a hemibiotrophic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides can conventionally form germ tube (GT) and develop in to a fungal colony, while under certain conditions, they tend to get connected with each other through conidial anastomosis tube (CAT) so as to share the nutrients. CAT fusion is believed to be responsible for generation of genetic variations in few asexual fungi, which appears problematic for effective fungal disease management. The physiological and molecular mechanism underlying the GT versus CAT formation remained unexplored. In the present study, we have deciphered the decision switch responsible for GT formation versus CAT fusion in C. gloeosporioides. GT formation occurred at high frequency in the presence of nutrients, while CAT fusion was found to be higher in absence of nutrients. Younger conidia were found to form GT efficiently, whilst older conidia preferentially formed CAT. Whole transcriptome analysis of GT and CAT fusion revealed differential molecular requirements for these two processes. We identified 11050 and 9786 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GT and CAT, respectively. A total 1567 effector candidates were identified, of them 103 and 101 were uniquely secreted during GT and CAT formation respectively. Genes coding for cell wall degrading enzymes, germination, hyphal growth, host-fungus interaction and virulence were up-regulated during GT formation. Whilst, genes involved in stress response, cell wall remodelling, membrane transport, cytoskeleton, cell cycle, and cell rescue were highly up-regulated during CAT fusion. To conclude, the GT and CAT fusion were found to be mutually exclusive processes, requiring differential physiological conditions and sets of DEGs in C. gloeosporioides. This will help to understand the basic CAT biology in the genus Colletotrichum.

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Colletotrichum: species complexes, lifestyle, and peculiarities of some sources of genetic variability

Silva

Moreno

Correia

et al. 2020

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Formation of conidial anastomosis tubes and melanization of appressoria are antagonistic processes in Colletotrichum spp. from apple

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Quorum sensing-mediated inter-specific conidial anastomosis tube fusion between Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum siamense.

Quorum sensing-mediated inter-specific conidial anastomosis tube fusion between Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum siamense.

Deciphering the differential physiological and molecular requirements for conidial anastomosis tube fusion and germ tube formation inColletotrichum gloeosporioides

Colletotrichum: species complexes, lifestyle, and peculiarities of some sources of genetic variability

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