Formation of Asymmetrical Structured Silica Controlled by a Phase Separation Process and Implication for Biosilicification

Shi, Jian Lin; Yao, Qi-Zhi; Li, Xi Ming; Zhou, Gen‐Tao; Fu, Sheng-Quan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061164

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…PAs also may be involved in silica precipitation. In diatoms, the long-chain PAs were found to be involved in mediating silica precipitation from a silicic acid solution (Kröger et al 2000;Shi et al 2013). In this study, both the conjugated and free PAs were increased with Si applica-tion, and whether the increased PAs also benefit silica precipitation in plants like they do in diatoms still needs further research.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 68%

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Silicon‐mediated changes in polyamines participate in silicon‐induced salt tolerance in Sorghum bicolor L.

Yin

Wang

Tanaka

et al. 2015

Plant Cell & Environment

168

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Silicon (Si) is generally considered a beneficial element for the growth of higher plants, especially under stress conditions, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Si improves salt tolerance through mediating important metabolism processes rather than acting as a mere mechanical barrier. Seedlings of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) growing in hydroponic culture were treated with NaCl (100 mm) combined with or without Si (0.83 mm). The result showed that supplemental Si enhanced sorghum salt tolerance by decreasing Na(+) accumulation. Simultaneously, polyamine (PA) levels were increased and ethylene precursor (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid: ACC) concentrations were decreased. Several key PA synthesis genes were up-regulated by Si under salt stress. To further confirm the role of PA in Si-mediated salt tolerance, seedlings were exposed to spermidine (Spd) or a PA synthesis inhibitor (dicyclohexylammonium sulphate, DCHA) combined with salt and Si. Exogenous Spd showed similar effects as Si under salt stress whereas exogenous DCHA eliminated Si-enhanced salt tolerance and the beneficial effect of Si in decreasing Na(+) accumulation. These results indicate that PAs and ACC are involved in Si-induced salt tolerance in sorghum and provide evidence that Si plays an active role in mediating salt tolerance.

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Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 68%

“…; Shi et al . ). In this study, both the conjugated and free PAs were increased with Si application, and whether the increased PAs also benefit silica precipitation in plants like they do in diatoms still needs further research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Silicon‐mediated changes in polyamines participate in silicon‐induced salt tolerance in Sorghum bicolor L.

Yin

Wang

Tanaka

et al. 2015

Plant Cell & Environment

168

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“…The rst stage is due to the physical adsorption of water and solvent (room temperature-110 C), the second stage is due to the polycondensation of the structure of the silica network (110-220 C), and the third stage is attributed to the condensation and dehydration of silanol groups (220-360 C). 16,26,27 The weight loss of ZIF-8 also has three stages. The rst stage is the evaporation of the methanol molecules adsorbed on the surface of ZIF-8 below 100…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 was coated with silica and investigated as a flame retardant to improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of epoxy resin

Wang

Liu

et al. 2018

RSC Adv.

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A material (ZIF-8@SiO 2 ) with a nuclear shell structure was synthesized to improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of epoxy resin (EP) through a synergetic catalytic effect. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was synthesized and its surface was coated with SiO 2 by hydrolyzing tetraethyl orthosilicate. Core-shell structured ZIF-8@SiO 2 was obtained. Then ZIF-8@SiO 2 was added to EP to explore its effect of flame retardancy and smoke suppression on the EP composite. The results of a cone calorimeter test showed that the peak heat release rate, total heat release, smoke production rate and total smoke production of the material were decreased by 75.9%, 38.9%, 51.1% and 39.8%, respectively, after 2 wt% ZIF-8@SiO 2 was added to EP. Besides, through the analysis of char residue, the mechanism of ZIF-8@SiO 2 /EP's flame retardancy and smoke suppression was determined to be due to the physical barrier effect of SiO 2 and the co-effect of SiO 2 and ZnO decomposition by ZIF-8. IntroductionMetal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials comprising metal ions and organic bridging ligands.1 ZIF-8 is a metal-organic framework material with a rhombic dodecahedral structure and is synthesized in organic solvent with zinc ions and 2-methylimidazolate.2 Because ZIF-8 has a high specic surface area, high thermal stability and unique pore structure, it is widely applied in adsorption, catalysis, separation, gas storage and drug delivery.3-8 Due to the diversity of nanometer ZIF-8 materials, their new functions are being explored. Therefore, the application of ZIF-8 as a ame retardant has also attracted attention. For instance, Shi et al. prepared ZIF-8/PLA composite materials, and their research indicated that the oxygen index of the composite could reach 26.0% when 3 wt% ZIF-8 was added. The application of ZIF-8 as a new ame retardant is worthy of further exploration.In recent years, the application of silicon-containing compounds in ame retardants has been investigated by many researchers because they not only improve the ame retardant performance, but also form environment-friendly ame retardants.10 The combustion of silicon-containing polymer composites may produce SiO 2 which is easy to migrate and accumulate to the polymer surface, and generate Si-O-Si networks inside the char layer structure and ceramic-like protective material on the substrate surface to prevent the polymer's further burning and protect internal polymer. In addition, some compounds containing Si-C structure are also produced, which enhance the thermal stability of composite materials and increase the strength of the char layer.11-13 Meanwhile, SiO 2 decomposed by silicon-containing compounds is a solid acid with more acidic sites, which can catalyze the degradation of polymers and have a good co-effect of ame retardancy with metal oxides. 14 According to existing literature, 15 the use of SiO 2 coated brucite as a ame retardant has a better effect of ame retardancy compared with the simple physical mixing of SiO 2 and brucit...

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“…The wide band centered at 1016 cm −1 (actually consisting of four different bands at 1215, 1076, 1016, and 973 cm −1 ) changed its form, and shifted to higher wave numbers, from 1016 to 1085 cm −1 , indicating the textural changes in the solids (Figure 3b) [37]. The peaks at 1081, 800, and 460 cm −1 agreed with the Si-O-Si bond [42,43], confirming that the natural sepiolite transformed into silica after the acid activation, consistent with the EDX results (e.g., inset in Figure 1d). As for the Mg(OH) 2 -SiO 2 composite, one can find from Figure 3c that the peak locations have no obvious changes relative to the silica (Figure 3b), except for the increase in the intensities of the bands in the 4000-3000 cm −1 and 700-600 cm −1 ranges, which usually are indicative for Mg-OH bond vibrations [37], confirming the formation of Mg(OH) 2 precipitate after the base treatment.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Sio 2 -Mg(oh) 2 Nanocompositementioning

confidence: 74%

Enhanced Potential Toxic Metal Removal Using a Novel Hierarchical SiO2–Mg(OH)2 Nanocomposite Derived from Sepiolite

Yao

Zhao

et al. 2019

Minerals

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Clays are widely used as sorbents for heavy metals due to their high specific surface areas, low cost, and ubiquitous occurrence in most soil and sediment environments. However, the low loading capacity for heavy metals is one of their inherent limitations. In this work, a novel SiO2–Mg(OH)2 nanocomposite was successfully prepared via sequential acid–base modification of raw sepiolite. The structural characteristics of the resulting modified samples were characterized by a wide range of techniques including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen physisorption analysis. The results show that a hierarchical nanocomposite constructed by loading the Mg(OH)2 nanosheets onto amorphous SiO2 nanotubes can be successfully prepared, and the nanocomposite has a high surface area (377.3 m2/g) and pore volume (0.96 cm3/g). Batch removal experiments indicate that the nanocomposite exhibits high removal efficiency toward Gd(III), Pb(II), and Cd(II), and their removal capacities were greatly enhanced in comparison with raw sepiolite, due to the synergistic effect of the different components in the hierarchical nanocomposite. This work can provide a novel route toward a hierarchical nanocomposite by using clay minerals as raw material. Taking into account the simplicity of the fabrication route and the high loading capacities for heavy metals, the developed nanocomposite also has great potential applications in water treatment.

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Formation of Asymmetrical Structured Silica Controlled by a Phase Separation Process and Implication for Biosilicification

Cited by 16 publications

References 70 publications

Silicon‐mediated changes in polyamines participate in silicon‐induced salt tolerance in Sorghum bicolor L.

Silicon‐mediated changes in polyamines participate in silicon‐induced salt tolerance in Sorghum bicolor L.

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 was coated with silica and investigated as a flame retardant to improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of epoxy resin

Enhanced Potential Toxic Metal Removal Using a Novel Hierarchical SiO2–Mg(OH)2 Nanocomposite Derived from Sepiolite

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