Formation of allyl isothiocyanate from sinigrin in the digestive tract of rats monoassociated with a human colonic strain of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

Elfoul, L.; Rabot, Sylvie; Khelifa, Nasser; Quinsac, Alain; Duguay, Annabelle; Rimbault, Alain

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10589.x

Cited by 126 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…All procedures were carried out according to European guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals and with permission 78 -122 of the French Veterinary Services. The following groups of rats (male, Fisher 344) were used: germ-free (GF); conventional (CV); GF inoculated with a fecal microbiota obtained from CV rats (Ino-CV); GF-inoculated with pure bacterial strains: C. paraputrificum (strain number: 217.59) (30) isolated from the intestinal contents of CV rats (Ino-Cp); B. thetaiotaomicron (strain number: BtII8) (Ino-Bt) (11) and R. gnavus (strain number: FRE1) (Ino-Rg) (9), isolated from the fecal contents of humans.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota matures colonic epithelium through a coordinated induction of cell cycle-related proteins in gnotobiotic rat

Cherbuy

Honvo-Houeto

Bruneau

et al. 2010

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Cherbuy C, Honvo-Houeto E, Bruneau A, Bridonneau C, Mayeur C, Duée PH, Langella P, Thomas M. Microbiota matures colonic epithelium through a coordinated induction of cell cycle-related proteins in gnotobiotic rat. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 299: G348 -G357, 2010. First published May 13, 2010; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00384.2009.-Previous studies have suggested that intestinal microbiota modulates colonic epithelium renewal. The objective of our work was to study the effects of microbiota on colonic epithelium structure and cell cycle-related proteins by using gnotobiotic rats. Colonic crypts and amount of cell cycle-related proteins were compared between germ-free (GF), conventional (CV), and conventionalized rats by histochemistry and Western blot. Ki67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were used as surrogates for proliferative cells; p21 cip1 and p27 kip1 were markers of cell cycle arrest; anti-and proapoptotic proteins, Bcl2 and Bax, respectively, were also studied. We observed 40% increase of the crypt proliferative area 2 days after inoculation of GF rats with a complex microbiota. This recruitment of proliferative cells may account for the 30% increase of crypt depth observed between CV and GF rats. The hyperproliferative boost induced by microbiota was compensated by a fourfold increase of p21 cip1 and p27 kip1 involved in cell cycle arrest and a 30% drop of antiapoptotic Bcl2 protein while Bax was unchanged. Inductions of p21 cip1 , p27 kip1 , and PCNA protein were not paralleled by an increase of the corresponding mRNA. We also showed that p21 cip1 induction by microbiota was partially restored by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Ruminococcus gnavus, and Clostridium paraputrificum. Colonization of the colon by a complex microbiota increases the crypt depth of colon epithelium. This event takes place in conjunction with a multistep process: a hyperproliferative boost accompanied by compensatory events as induction of p21 cip1 and p27 kip1 and decrease of Bcl2.intestine; germ-free; PCNA; Bcl2; p21 cip1 ; p27 kip1 THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT of mammals is colonized by a community of microorganisms reaching levels as high as 10 11 bacteria/g of content in the colon. The intestinal microbiota includes more than 1,000 different species of bacteria belonging mainly to two divisions, the Firmicutes and the Bacteroidetes. Microbiota represents a large genomic repertoire as revealed by metagenomic approaches (12) and an efficacious organ to recover energy (33). Intestinal microbiota has coevolved with its host, exploiting mutualistic interactions (24). Thus the gut immune tolerance toward microbiota partly involves fine-tuned regulation of the transcription factor NF-B by commensal bacteria (19). Furthermore, microbiota induce expression of fucosylated cell surface glycans by mammalian gut epithelium (4, 29), which may be used as receptors for bacterial adhesins or as energy sources for the intestinal bacteria, especially in limited nutrient availability (45). Finally, our group has shown that in...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota matures colonic epithelium through a coordinated induction of cell cycle-related proteins in gnotobiotic rat

Cherbuy

Honvo-Houeto

Bruneau

et al. 2010

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…The processes of ingestion and digestion of brassica vegetables lead, therefore, to glucosinolate hydrolysis. Myrosinase activity has also been demonstrated in the human gut microflora (3,4). Glucosinolate hydrolysis can lead to a range of breakdown products, depending on the conditions under which hydrolysis occurs and the structure of the parent glucosinolate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absence of an active source of myrosinase may reduce the extent to which glucosinolates are hydrolyzed in the digestive tract. However, recent research has demonstrated myrosinase activity in the gut microflora (3), and this may lead to glucosinolate hydrolysis after ingestion, even when vegetables are cooked. The aim of the study reported here was to assess the relative influence of plant and microbial myrosinase activity on the extent and timing of release of isothiocyanates in vivo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolysis of Glucosinolates to Isothiocyanates after Ingestion of Raw or Microwaved Cabbage by Human Volunteers

Rouzaud¹,

Young²,

Duncan³

2004

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

127

109

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Cabbage contains the glucosinolate sinigrin, which is hydrolyzed by myrosinase to allyl isothiocyanate. Isothiocyanates are thought to inhibit the development of cancer cells by a number of mechanisms. The effect of cooking cabbage on isothiocyanate production from glucosinolates during and after their ingestion was examined in human subjects. Each of 12 healthy human volunteers consumed three meals, at 48-h intervals, containing either raw cabbage, cooked cabbage, or mustard according to a cross-over design. At each meal, watercress juice, which is rich in phenethyl isothiocyanate, was also consumed to allow individual and temporal variation in postabsorptive isothiocyanate recovery to be measured. Volunteers recorded the time and volume of each urination for 24 h after each meal. Samples of each urination were analyzed for N-acetyl cysteine conjugates of isothiocyanates as a measure of entry of isothiocyanates into the peripheral circulation. Excretion of isothiocyanates was rapid and substantial after ingestion of mustard, a source of preformed allyl isothiocyanate. After raw cabbage consumption, allyl isothiocyanate was again rapidly excreted, although to a lesser extent than when mustard was consumed. On the cooked cabbage treatment, excretion of allyl isothiocyanate was considerably less than for raw cabbage, and the excretion was delayed. The results indicate that isothiocyanate production is more extensive after consumption of raw vegetables but that isothiocyanates still arise, albeit to a lesser degree, when cooked vegetables are consumed. The lag in excretion on the cooked cabbage treatment suggests that the colon microflora catalyze glucosinolate hydrolysis in this case.

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“…An understanding of the digestive and absorptive fate of dietary glucosinolates and their isothiocyanate metabolites has emerged mostly from mechanistic studies in animal models such as rats and hamsters (Brüsewitz et al 1977;Mennicke et al 1983;Michaelsen et al 1994;Duncan et al 1997;Elfoul et al 2001). The low recoveries of intact glucosinolates and their metabolites in faeces of animals fed glucosinolates or isothiocyanates suggest that a substantial proportion of ingested glucosinolates and isothiocyanates are metabolised in vivo (Slominski et al 1988;Bollard et al 1997;Rouzaud et al 2003).…”

Section: Digestive and Post-absorptive Fate Of Glucosinolates After Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cooking brassica vegetables on the subsequent hydrolysis and metabolic fate of glucosinolates

Rungapamestry

Duncan²,

Fuller³

et al. 2007

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

136

102

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The protective effects of brassica vegetables against cancer may be partly related to their glucosinolate content. Glucosinolates are hydrolysed by plant myrosinase following damage of plant tissue. Isothiocyanates are one of the main groups of metabolites of glucosinolates and are implicated in the preventive effect against cancer. During cooking of brassica the glucosinolate–myrosinase system may be modified as a result of inactivation of plant myrosinase, loss of enzymic cofactors such as epithiospecifier protein, thermal breakdown and/or leaching of glucosinolates and their metabolites or volatilisation of metabolites. Cooking brassica affects the site of release of breakdown products of glucosinolates, which is the upper gastrointestinal tract following consumption of raw brassica containing active plant myrosinase. After consumption of cooked brassica devoid of plant myrosinase glucosinolates are hydrolysed in the colon under the action of the resident microflora. Feeding trials with human subjects have shown that hydrolysis of glucosinolates and absorption of isothiocyanates are greater following ingestion of raw brassica with active plant myrosinase than after consumption of the cooked plant with denatured myrosinase. The digestive fate of glucosinolates may be further influenced by the extent of cell rupture during ingestion, gastrointestinal transit time, meal composition, individual genotype and differences in colonic microflora. These sources of variation may partly explain the weak epidemiological evidence relating consumption of brassica to prevention against cancer. An understanding of the biochemical changes occurring during cooking and ingestion of brassica may help in the design of more robust epidemiological studies to better evaluate the protective effects of brassica against cancer.

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Formation of allyl isothiocyanate from sinigrin in the digestive tract of rats monoassociated with a human colonic strain of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

Cited by 126 publications

References 19 publications

Microbiota matures colonic epithelium through a coordinated induction of cell cycle-related proteins in gnotobiotic rat

Microbiota matures colonic epithelium through a coordinated induction of cell cycle-related proteins in gnotobiotic rat

Hydrolysis of Glucosinolates to Isothiocyanates after Ingestion of Raw or Microwaved Cabbage by Human Volunteers

Effect of cooking brassica vegetables on the subsequent hydrolysis and metabolic fate of glucosinolates

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