Formation and ionization energies of small chlorine‐doped lithium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry

Veličković, Suzana; Djustebek, Jasmina; Veljković, Filip; Radak, B.; Veljković, M.

doi:10.1002/rcm.6122

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The present investigation of the chlorine‐doped potassium clusters is an extension of our previous studies of small halogen‐doped alkali clusters, and a continuation of our systematic study of IEs of these clusters by the thermal ionization source of modified design MS . The clusters of the type K n Cl + and K n Cl n − 1 ( n > 3) were detected for the first time simultaneously in a cluster beam generated by a potassium fluoride.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Study of small chlorine‐doped potassium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry

et al. 2012

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The theoretical calculations have predicted that nonmetal-doped potassium clusters can be used in the synthesis of a new class of charge-transfer salts which can be considered as potential building blocks for the assembly of novel nanostructured material. In this work, K(n)Cl (n = 2-6) and K(n)Cl(n-1) (n = 3 and 4) clusters were produced by vaporization of a solid potassium chloride salt in a thermal ionization mass spectrometry. The ionization energies (IEs) were measured, and found to be 3.64 ± 0.20 eV for K(2)Cl, 3.67 ± 0.20 eV for K(3)Cl, 3.62 ± 0.20 eV for K(4)Cl, 3.57 ± 0.20 eV for K(5)Cl, 3.69 ± 0.20 eV for K(6)Cl, 3.71 ± 0.20 eV for K(3)Cl(2) and 3.72 ± 0.20 eV for K(4)Cl(3). The K(n)Cl(+) (n = 3-6) clusters were detected for the first time in a cluster beam generated by the thermal ionization source of modified design. Also, this work is the first to report experimentally obtained values of IEs for K(n)Cl(+) (n = 3-6) and K(n)Cl(n-1) (+) (n = 3 and 4) clusters. The ionization energies for K(n)Cl(+) and K(n)Cl(n-1) (+) clusters are much lower than the 4.34 eV of the potassium atom; hence, these clusters should be classified as 'superalkali' species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…The thermal ionization source of modified design has been used in order to obtain the chlorine–doped potassium clusters and determine their IEs. Experimental details have been given elsewhere . The mass analyzer used in this research is a 12‐in radius, 90° magnetic sector.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of small chlorine‐doped potassium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry

et al. 2012

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“…The modified thermal ionization source has been used to obtain the K n F + (n >3) clusters and to determine their ionization energies. It was used previously to study chlorine‐doped lithium clusters . The mass analyzer used in this investigation was a 12‐inch radius, 90° magnetic sector instrument of local design.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present work is an extension of our previous studies on very small metal‐rich clusters doped by a halogen . In this work, the applicability of the modified thermal ionization source for obtaining K n F (n ≥2) clusters has been investigated.…”

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confidence: 90%

Production and ionization energies of K_nF (n = 2–6) clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry

Veljković

Djustebek

Veljković

et al. 2012

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] In the earlier papers, it was shown that the experimental setup in which the Knudsen cell was located in the ionization chamber provides better conditions than the standard experimental setup of the KCMS for obtaining both the neutral and positively charged "superalkali" clusters of the type Li n X, X = F or I (n = 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6). [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] In the earlier papers, it was shown that the experimental setup in which the Knudsen cell was located in the ionization chamber provides better conditions than the standard experimental setup of the KCMS for obtaining both the neutral and positively charged "superalkali" clusters of the type Li n X, X = F or I (n = 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of vaporization of LiI, LiI/C70, LiI/LiF/C70 from the Knudsen cell located into ionization chamber of the mass spectrometer

Djustebek

Veljković

Veličković

2014

JSCS

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The vaporization of LiI, LiI/C 70 and LiI/LIF/C 70 was studied using a Knudsen cell located in the ionization chamber of a magnetic sector mass spectrometer in the temperature range from 350 °C to 850 °C. The ion species, Li n I + (n = 2, 3, 4 or 6) were identified from the mixture LiI/C 70 , while the clusters Li n I + and Li n F + (n = 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6) were detected from a mixture LiI/LiF/C 70 . The intensities of Li n I + were higher than the emission of Li n F + cluster when the ratio of LiI to LiF was 2:1. By contrast, the emission of Li n F + is favored when the ratio of LiI to LiF was 1:2. These results show that the vaporization of a mixture LiI/LIF/C 70 from a Knudsen cell located in the ionization chamber of a mass spectrometer represents an efficient and simple way to obtain and investigate clusters of the type Li n X, X = F or I. In this work, it was also shown that the trends of the In (Intensity, arb. units) versus temperature for all Li n I + clusters below and above the melting point of LiI were not same. This suggested that the manner of formation of these clusters could be different due to changes in temperature.

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Formation and ionization energies of small chlorine‐doped lithium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry

Abstract: The thermal ionization source of modified design presents a suitable simple way to obtaining and measuring the ionization energies of very small lithium monochloride clusters. Clusters Li(n) Cl, n = 4 to 6, were detected for the first time.

Cited by 20 publications

References 44 publications

Study of small chlorine‐doped potassium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry

Study of small chlorine‐doped potassium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry

Production and ionization energies of K_nF (n = 2–6) clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry

Study of vaporization of LiI, LiI/C70, LiI/LiF/C70 from the Knudsen cell located into ionization chamber of the mass spectrometer

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Formation and ionization energies of small chlorine‐doped lithium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry

Abstract: The thermal ionization source of modified design presents a suitable simple way to obtaining and measuring the ionization energies of very small lithium monochloride clusters. Clusters Li(n) Cl, n = 4 to 6, were detected for the first time.

Cited by 20 publications

References 44 publications

Study of small chlorine‐doped potassium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry

Study of small chlorine‐doped potassium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry

Production and ionization energies of KnF (n = 2–6) clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry

Study of vaporization of LiI, LiI/C70, LiI/LiF/C70 from the Knudsen cell located into ionization chamber of the mass spectrometer

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Production and ionization energies of K_nF (n = 2–6) clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry