Formal mining investments and artisanal mining in southern Madagascar: Effects of spontaneous reactions and adjustment policies on poverty alleviation

Canavesio, Rémy

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.08.001

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Past scholarship stresses that mining laws and environmental regulations in Asia have been ineffective and inequitable for numerous reasons, including the fact that ASM activities 1 are generally not licensed (Shen et al, 2009;Burke, 2006). While environmental scholarship has long stressed that poor ASM practices lead to land degradation and pollution, posing various health risks, a growing body of literature questions the mainstream portrayal of this sector in terms of its threats and "illegality," noting that ASM provides crucial informal livelihoods to large numbers of people worldwide (Canavesio, 2014;Lahiri-Dutt, 2012;Hirons, 2011;Bryceson et al, 2013;Fisher and Childs, 2013;Spiegel, 2015). The first of the two main "spatial logics" analysed in this article lies in the government's mandate to regulate ASM -which ostensibly became a priority when, in October 2013, Cambodia signed a historic global environmental treaty called the Minamata Convention on Mercury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land and ‘space’ for regulating artisanal mining in Cambodia: Visualizing an environmental governance conundrum in contested territory

Spiegel

2016

Land Use Policy

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Globally, land use competition in mining areas is coming under increased scrutiny, leading to critical debates about inter-related physical and political "spaces" for environmental governance. By signing a global treaty called the Minamata Convention on Mercury, governments worldwide have conveyed a commitment to formalizing or regulating informal artisanal gold mining as part of an environmental governance strategy. Drawing on a case study of disputed gold mining territory in Kratie Province, Cambodia, this article examines how commitment to the Minamata Convention presents a conundrum given the government's prioritization of larger-scale concessions in land use policy. In most mineralrich regions of Kratie and other provinces, mineral exploration and/or mining rights -and other kinds of resource concessions -have already been granted to established companies and powerful actors, leaving ambiguous physical and political space for licensing artisanal mining. The article explores contested representations of mining as found in provincial government maps and civil society groups' cartoon illustrations, unpacking how competing mandates in the mining sector have created dilemmas for regional environmental governance as complex land-use conflicts between artisanal miners and larger companies have unfolded. Diverse competing claims to resources in Kratie illustrate the need to move beyond framings of the Minamata Convention as a technical implementation challenge in order to carefully appreciate the power dynamics inherent in divergent ways of visualizing "productive space" in mining regions. Contributing to recent scholarship in this journal on contested land use governance in Cambodia, the article calls for unpacking complexities of formally "making space" for artisanal mining in contested territory. At a wider conceptual level, the analysis highlights the importance of sensitively challenging common de-territorialized depictions of land use formalization that oversimplify the dialectical and contextually idiosyncratic interplays between political and physical space.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land and ‘space’ for regulating artisanal mining in Cambodia: Visualizing an environmental governance conundrum in contested territory

Spiegel

2016

Land Use Policy

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“…Very little in revenue has returned to the state, or worse, most has been misappropriated (Duffy 2007;Cartier 2009). There are just a handful of scholarly publications that have studied ASM in Madagascar (Walsh 2003(Walsh , 2012Cartier 2009;Canavesio 2014), and there are a number of World Bank reports that are either dedicated to, or reference, ASM (Cook 2012). All make only passing reference to the role of women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Between the Plough and the Pick: Informal, artisanal and small-scale mining in the contemporary world

Lahiri‐Dutt¹

2018

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“…National interests in mining started to decline, since the oil boom period, causing increased sporadic, informal uncoordinated or unmonitored management of the existing and potential mines that resulted into intensified artisanal mining activities in the country (Edwards et al, 2014). Artisanal mining is generally a small-scale practice where the basic tools and manual labour are generally used for excavation (Canavesio, 2014). Artisanal mining activities are also an informal procedure, which though have found to cause severe environmental disruptions, have also been linked with economic benefits (including employment opportunities, tourism, technology advancements, and accessibility to both native and migrant populations) (Canavesio, 2014).…”

Section: *Corresponding Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Artisanal mining is generally a small-scale practice where the basic tools and manual labour are generally used for excavation (Canavesio, 2014). Artisanal mining activities are also an informal procedure, which though have found to cause severe environmental disruptions, have also been linked with economic benefits (including employment opportunities, tourism, technology advancements, and accessibility to both native and migrant populations) (Canavesio, 2014). The informal mining activities are characterized by low productivity, a lack of capital, poor technology, hazardous working conditions, land degradation, and pollution (Emel, 2011).…”

Section: *Corresponding Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

Social- Economic Assessment and Profitability of Artisanal Gold Miners in Niger State, Nigeria

Melodi

Ajibade

2019

FUOYEJET

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This study centers on socio-economic assessment and profitability of artisanal gold miners in Niger State, Nigeria. The specific objectives are to examine artisanal gold miners’ socio-economic profile, examine the level of profitability of artisanal gold mining and identify the constraints determining the profitability of artisanal gold mining. Primary data was used which were obtained through the administration of structured questionnaires to randomly sampled artisanal gold miners in the study area. Descriptive statistics using charts, frequency table, mean, maximum, minimum and range, and inferential statistics using multiple linear regression, t-test were used as well as budgetary analysis. Profit difference of N 16,139.69 was noted between male and female artisan gold miners, with male earning a non-significantly (p>0.05) higher profit than the female artisans. Married artisan spent significantly (p<0.05) more (N106, 549.66) in running their various artisanal duties than the unmarried single artisans (N 87,036.67). Single artisans were noted to earn higher revenue than their married counterpart. This significant difference of N 20,897.09 can be accounted for by the ready availability of single unmarried artisans to work for longer hours per day without any distraction of family cares and obligations. This invariably leads to the significantly higher profit of single unmarried artisanal miners of N97, 051. Other significant determinants of artisanal gold profit level are miners’ age in years (p<0.01), experience at work in years (p<0.10) and years of work at current mine (p<0.05). Findings shows that artisanal miners were noted to be operating profitably in the study location; however, marital status, age of miners, years of experience and years of work in the current mine were found to be significant determinants of profitability and profit level of an average miners. Keywords – Profitability, Artisanal gold, Revenue, Socio-economic profile, constraints.

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Formal mining investments and artisanal mining in southern Madagascar: Effects of spontaneous reactions and adjustment policies on poverty alleviation

Cited by 36 publications

References 23 publications

Land and ‘space’ for regulating artisanal mining in Cambodia: Visualizing an environmental governance conundrum in contested territory

Land and ‘space’ for regulating artisanal mining in Cambodia: Visualizing an environmental governance conundrum in contested territory

Between the Plough and the Pick: Informal, artisanal and small-scale mining in the contemporary world

Social- Economic Assessment and Profitability of Artisanal Gold Miners in Niger State, Nigeria

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