Forest Thinning Affects Reproduction in Pine Engravers (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Breeding in Felled Lodgepole Pine Trees: Fig. 1.

The effectiveness of vegetation management practices for prevention and control of bark beetle infestations in coniferous forests of the western and southern United States

“…Male beetles in thinned stands attracted more females than in unthinned stands. Also, females in thinned stands extended their egg galleries farther, laid more eggs and had higher egg densities than in unthinned stands (Hindmarch and Reid, 2001a). Hindmarch and Reid (2001b) found coarse woody debris was more abundant in thinned stands the first year following thinning, but then returned to background levels.…”

“…The authors reported that logs exposed to high natural light intensity (e.g., low density stands) were attacked less frequently and had lower brood production than logs exposed to low or moderate light densities. Hindmarch and Reid (2001a) investigated how changes in forest structure due to thinning of mature lodgepole pine affected pine engraver reproduction in felled trees. Male beetles in thinned stands attracted more females than in unthinned stands.…”

Attack preference of Ips pini on Pinus ponderosa in northern Arizona: tree size and bole position

“…More emphasis has been placed on the effects of tree variables such as monoterpene content or phloem thickness and moisture on reproduction and performance of beetles within hosts ( Haack et al , 1984;Villa-Castillo & Wagner, 1996;Reid & Robb, 1999;Hindmarch & Reid, 2001;Redmer et al , 2001 ) than on the preferences of beetles attacking live trees. It is known that high resin flow, thick bark and host volatiles of living pines can deter or interfere with bark beetle attack preferences ( Raffa et al , 1993;Lieutier, 2002 ).…”

Factors influencing pine engraver (Ips pini Say) colonization of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. Laws.) slash in Northern Arizona

“…Explanations for reduced colonization densities included reduction in pheromone production by attacking males caused by deterioration of phloem condition, and disruption of pheromone communication due to changes in microclimate (Villa-Castillo and Wagner, 1996). Temperature and wind speed has also been found to increase after forest thinning and aid in pine engraver dispersal (Hindmarch and Reid, 2001).…”