Forest Territories in the Planning Structure of Lviv

Abstract

The sphere of life of a large city includes forests as a natural resource and areas of its expansion and now they serve to implement modern eco-trends. In the evolution of Lviv we can distinguish several stages of relation to forested areas: 1 - exemption from forests of areas suitable for farming, horticulture and construction; 2 – the early 19th century. - planting of new forests for economic and rehabilitation purposes; 3 - the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries - the development of the recreational function of forests under the influence of hygienists, especially at water sources; 4 - the end of the 19th century and before 1939 - the development of the city of Lviv with new streets and compact plots according to the urban concepts of "villa in the park" and "garden city", which are wedged into the forest park areas; 5 - the second half of the 20th century. The rapid territorial development of industrial Lviv causes the emergence of large residential areas on the outskirts of the city. According to strict regulatory requirements for providing residents with green areas, part of the suburban forests were allocated for the establishment of local parks. A trade union recreation centers are developing around the city; 6 - 1980s - under the influence of the concept of a polarized landscape in conditions of state ownership of land and its resources, in suburban forests and in the city, separate plots with unique characteristics are distinguished, on the basis of which objects of nature reserve fund are created; 7 - from the 1990s and until now - the spreading of the city and the defragmentation of forests are observed. At the same time, the creation of new nature reserve facilities in Lviv and in the suburban area were performed as well as the formation of new reserves and their inclusion into European ecological networks.
 At the same time, the process of permanent alienation of forest areas in favor of the spread of development is intensifying. The most vulnerable are the territories of Bryukhovychi and Vynnyky forest parks, which are fully included in the united territorial community of Lviv approved in 2020.