Forest Coverage and Streamflow of Watersheds in the Tropical Atlantic Rainforest

Mendes, Natália Gomes de Souza; Cecílio, Roberto Avelino; Zanetti, Sandra Aparecida Serra

doi:10.1590/1806-90882018000200004

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…According to the partial correlation coefficients, higher streamflow rates are associated with higher rainfall rates in the watersheds. This is in agreement with previous studies (Tu et al 2004, Mendes et al 2018, Zabaleta et al 2018, and confirms that rainfall acts as the main input component of water in the hydrological cycle, boosting the other stages of the cycle and the flows of water bodies.…”

Section: Joint Analysis Of the Watershedssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This event is significant during drought or low rainfall periods, and affects the water availability of watersheds under these circumstances. Regarding the negative relationship between forest cover and water availability, similar results were obtained in other studies under different methodologies and different vegetation types worldwide (Hornbeck et al 1993, Roa-García et al 2011, Brown et al 2013, Mendes et al 2018.…”

Section: Iforest -Biogeosciences and Forestrysupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The ecological and hydrological imbalances caused by land-use changes in watersheds are widely recognized in the scientific community (Giri et al 2018, Chaves et al 2019, Nikolic et al 2019, Sadeghi et al 2019. However, the influence of forest cover on streamflow at watershed scale is still controversial, as the former has been reported to affect the latter both positively and negatively, depending on the study (Hornbeck et al 1993, Andréassian 2004, Zhang et al 2017, Guzha et al 2018, Mendes et al 2018, Schenk et al 2020. This is due to the complexity of their relationship, which involve many environmental variables, so that each watershed can show unique hydrological characteristics, according to local environmental conditions (Andréassian 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Method for the analysis of the relationship between forest cover and streamflow in watersheds

Ferraz¹,

Zanetti²,

Cecílio³

et al. 2021

iForest

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Biogeosciences and Forestry Biogeosciences and ForestryMethod for the analysis of the relationship between forest cover and streamflow in watersheds Fabrina Teixeira Ferraz (1) , Sidney Sara Zanetti (2) , Roberto Avelino Cecílio (2) , Dulcinéia de Carvalho (1) , Francielle Rodrigues de Oliveira (2) The relationship between forest cover and streamflow of watersheds is complex and still controversial in the scientific literature. To investigate such relationship we propose an alternative method which requires the following information for each watershed: percentage of forest cover, annual rainfall, average specific streamflow (qave), and minimum mean specific streamflow in seven consecutive days (q7). As a case study, we analyzed a dataset composed by 25 watersheds located in the Espírito Santo State (ESS), Brazil. We conducted simple and multiple linear regression analyses as well as partial correlation analysis between the above parameters. To reduce the effect of heterogeneity of environmental factors, watersheds with similar characteristics in term of rainfall, drainage area, and both rainfall and drainage area were grouped by cluster analysis, and the above regression and correlation analysis was repeated on each group. Our results using the whole dataset showed that forest cover has a negative relationship with watershed streamflow. The analysis of homogeneous groups of watersheds showed that the average minimum streamflow during seven days (q7) was more sensitive to the presence of forest cover, showing a negative relationship, especially in watersheds with low annual rainfall, while in areas with high precipitation, the annual rainfall showed a strong influence on the hydrological responses of watersheds, masking the effect of forest cover. The proposed method may be easily extended to other areas, and allows the inclusion of other relevant environmental variables according to specific cases.

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Section: Joint Analysis Of the Watershedssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Iforest -Biogeosciences and Forestrysupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Method for the analysis of the relationship between forest cover and streamflow in watersheds

Ferraz¹,

Zanetti²,

Cecílio³

et al. 2021

iForest

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“…Although the evergreen forest had obvious advantages in intercepting the canopy, the surface cover was lower. When rainfall reach the canopy to and eventually the ground, certain degree of surface runoff results [51]. As shown in Figure 4, the nitrogen and phosphorus output of the FRSD was similar to the FRSE pattern during the rainy season, but there were significant differences between March and April.…”

Section: The Response Of Forest Characteristics To Tn and Tpmentioning

confidence: 81%

The Influence of Different Forest Characteristics on Non-point Source Pollution: A Case Study at Chaohu Basin, China

Cheng

Lin

Wang

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Forestland is a key land use/land cover (LULC) type that affects nonpoint source (NPS) pollution, and has great impacts on the spatiotemporal features of watershed NPS pollution. In this study, the forestland characteristics of the Chaohu Basin, China, were quantitatively represented using forestland types (FLTs), watershed forest coverage (WFC) and forest distance from the river (DFR). To clarify the impact of forests on NPS pollution, the relationship between forestland characteristics and watershed nutrient outputs (TN and TP) was explored on a monthly scale using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and the period simulation was 2008–2016. The results showed that: (1) the TN and TP showed similar output characteristics and the rainy season was the peak period of nitrogen and phosphorus output. (2) Among the forestland characteristics of forestland types, watershed forest coverage and forest distance from the river, watershed forest coverage and forest distance from the river had greater effects than forestland types on the control of watershed nutrient outputs (TN and TP). (3) In different forestland types, the watershed nutrient outputs intensity remained at the lowest level when the FLTs was mixed forest, with a TN output of 1244.73kg/km2 and TP output of 341.39 kg/km2. (4) The watershed nutrient outputs and watershed forest coverage were negatively correlated, with the highest watershed forest coverage (over 75%) reducing the TN outputs by 56.69% and the TP outputs by 53.46% compared to the lowest watershed forest coverage (below 25%), it showed that in areas with high forest land coverage, the non-point source pollution load in the watershed is smaller than in other areas. (5) forest distance from the river had an uncertain effect on the TN and TP output of the basin, the forestland itself is a source of pollution, but it also has the function of intercepting pollution movement; the forest distance from the river in the range of 500–1000 m had the lowest NPS pollution. Considering the different forest characteristics and topographical factors, an optimal allocation mode of differentiated forest land was proposed, these suggestions will provide a scheme for surface source pollution prevention and control in the basin. This research gap is the basis of real forestland optimization. We may optimize the forestland layout for NPS pollution prevention and control by clarifying the internal mechanism.

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“…The conditions of soil use and coverage, the density of vegetation cover [41], and the type and physical water characteristics of the soil are important factors that control the dynamics of water and sediments in a river basin [9,42], in addition to climatic [12,29], edaphic [9,43], and physiographic characteristics [13]. The latter refers to the area and density of the drainage network, the shape, slope, and sinuosity of the channel that influence the generation, volume, speed, and direction of the surface runoff flow [42] and the production and transport of sediments [6,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Measurement Methods in Small Tributaries of the Teles Pires River, Southern of the Amazon Hydrological Region

Borella,

Paulista,

Alves

et al. 2023

Water

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The intensification of conflicts associated with the use of water in the transition region of the Cerrado and Amazon biomes caused by population and economic growth, combined with the interest in generating energy from hydroelectric plants, raise the need to quantify the surface water availability of rivers contributing with different drainage areas. The present study estimated and compared in loco measurements of liquid flow (QL) and the depth of rivers in the Teles Pires river basin by reference methods (MLN-7 hydrometric windlass and metal rod/winch) and by Acoustic Current Profiler by Doppler Effect (ADCP RiverRay), in this last method the uncertainty estimate of the total measurement time by ADCP was evaluated. Field measurements were carried out at monthly intervals between March 2020 and October 2021, seeking to represent the water seasonality and depth and QL variations in the cross-sections of the Caiabi 1 and 2, Celeste, Preto and Renato rivers. The evaluated rivers had a net flow between 3.48 and 60.78 m3 s−1 by the windlass and between 2.66 and 54.30 m3 s−1 by the ADCP, while the depths obtained were from 0.17 to 6.34 m by the rod/winch and from 0.65 to 6.20 m by the ADCP. The methods resulted in similar measurements of net flow and depth in each of the cross-sections, and the statistical performance of the linear regression model was satisfactory with a Willmott concordance index of 0.9977 and 0.9819 for estimates of QL and of the depth of the cross-sections, respectively. The ADCP accurately measured the net discharge and depth in shallow (up to 6.5 m) cross-sections of the Teles Pires River relative to the reference method. Determining the total measurement time and pairs of transects to obtain accurate QL by ADCP depends on the hydraulic characteristics of the watercourses.

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Forest Coverage and Streamflow of Watersheds in the Tropical Atlantic Rainforest

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Method for the analysis of the relationship between forest cover and streamflow in watersheds

Method for the analysis of the relationship between forest cover and streamflow in watersheds

The Influence of Different Forest Characteristics on Non-point Source Pollution: A Case Study at Chaohu Basin, China

Flow Measurement Methods in Small Tributaries of the Teles Pires River, Southern of the Amazon Hydrological Region

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