Forest browning trends in response to drought in a highly threatened mediterranean landscape of South America

Miranda, Alejandro; Lara, Antonio; Altamirano, Adison; Bella, Carlos Marcelo Di; González, Mauro E.; Camarero, J. Julio

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106401

Cited by 60 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The central region of Chile (30–38° S; Mediterranean-type climate), for example, has experienced progressive drying since the late 1970s, and this trend is expected to continue, which may lead to a reduction of up to 40% in the mean annual rainfall in the second half of this century [ 4 ]. Prolonged drought can cause physiological dysfunction in plants [ 5 ], which leads to the loss of natural and productive ecosystems. Farmers have reported an 83% increase in the frequency of droughts in the central zone of Chile, which has had a significant impact on agricultural production [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haplotype- and SNP-Based GWAS for Growth and Wood Quality Traits in Eucalyptus cladocalyx Trees under Arid Conditions

Valenzuela

Ballesta²,

Ahmar

et al. 2021

Plants

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The agricultural and forestry productivity of Mediterranean ecosystems is strongly threatened by the adverse effects of climate change, including an increase in severe droughts and changes in rainfall distribution. In the present study, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotype blocks associated with the growth and wood quality of Eucalyptus cladocalyx, a tree species suitable for low-rainfall sites. The study was conducted in a progeny-provenance trial established in an arid site with Mediterranean patterns located in the southern Atacama Desert, Chile. A total of 87 SNPs and 3 haplotype blocks were significantly associated with the 6 traits under study (tree height, diameter at breast height, slenderness coefficient, first bifurcation height, stem straightness, and pilodyn penetration). In addition, 11 loci were identified as pleiotropic through Bayesian multivariate regression and were mainly associated with wood hardness, height, and diameter. In general, the GWAS revealed associations with genes related to primary metabolism and biosynthesis of cell wall components. Additionally, associations coinciding with stress response genes, such as GEM-related 5 and prohibitin-3, were detected. The findings of this study provide valuable information regarding genetic control of morphological traits related to adaptation to arid environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haplotype- and SNP-Based GWAS for Growth and Wood Quality Traits in Eucalyptus cladocalyx Trees under Arid Conditions

Valenzuela

Ballesta²,

Ahmar

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…The area of Cantillana mountain range with elevations >2000 m comprises an area of near 15 km 2 ( EULA-Chile 2004 ) but the specific rocky outcrops and exposition where the species is found, dramatically reduces the suitable habitat for the species. What is more, during the last decade, Central Chile has experienced a severe deficit in precipitation, the so-called Mega Drought ( Garreaud et al 2020 ), which has caused major damage and changes to the vegetation in the area ( Miranda et al 2020 ). Observations by the Park rangers over the past years reveal a decrease in snow cover in the mountain plateau and a reduction of fog and cloud events, an important source of water for rupicolous taxa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leucheria cantillanensis (Nassauvieae, Asteraceae), a new species endemic to Central Chile

Lavandero¹,

Rosende²,

Pérez³

2020

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A new species, Leucheria cantillanensissp. nov., endemic to the coastal mountain range of Central Chile, is described. By using both nDNA and cpDNA, phylogenetic relationships of the new species were investigated. This new species belongs to the acaulescent/subacaulescent clade of Leucheria, which is congruent with the morphology of the species. A detailed description, distribution map, insights about its habitat, conservation status, and illustrations are provided. An updated key for acaulescent/subacaulescent species of Leucheria from Central Chile is also given.

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“…The impacts of extreme drought events on a specialized hummingbird-pollinated plant species have been assessed, providing evidence of the complexity associated with climate change effects on a plant-pollinator interaction [107]. Beyond crop fields, climate change-induced drought events are responsible for the rapid deterioration of natural habitats, increasing plant stress [108] and plant mortality as well [109], generating massive mortality that affects plant communities, a process known as vegetation browning [110]. With the floral resource reduction, this rapid deterioration of the natural vegetation puts native pollinators in check, negatively impacting native plant species pollination and indirectly impacting crop pollination.…”

Section: Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Local Actions to Tackle a Global Problem: A Multidimensional Assessment of the Pollination Crisis in Chile

et al. 2021

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In the last decades, pollinators have drastically declined as a consequence of anthropogenic activities that have local and global impacts. The food industry has been expanding intensive agriculture crops, many of them dependent on animal pollination, but simultaneously reducing native pollinator habitats. Chile is a good example of this situation. Chile is becoming an agro-alimentary powerhouse in Latin America, where intensive agriculture expansion is performed at the expense of natural lands, posing a major threat to biodiversity. Here, we discussed the drivers responsible for the decline of pollinators (including habitat loss, pesticides, invasive species, and climate change) and its synergistic effects. This is particularly critical considering that Chile is a hotspot of endemic bee species locally adapted to specific habitats (e.g., Mediterranean-type ecosystems). However, there is a lack of data and monitoring programs that can provide evidence of their conservation status and contribution to crop yields. Based on our analysis, we identified information gaps to be filled and key threats to be addressed to reconcile crop production and biodiversity conservation. Addressing the local context is fundamental to undertake management and conservation actions with global impact.

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Forest browning trends in response to drought in a highly threatened mediterranean landscape of South America

Cited by 60 publications

References 72 publications

Haplotype- and SNP-Based GWAS for Growth and Wood Quality Traits in Eucalyptus cladocalyx Trees under Arid Conditions

Haplotype- and SNP-Based GWAS for Growth and Wood Quality Traits in Eucalyptus cladocalyx Trees under Arid Conditions

Leucheria cantillanensis (Nassauvieae, Asteraceae), a new species endemic to Central Chile

Local Actions to Tackle a Global Problem: A Multidimensional Assessment of the Pollination Crisis in Chile

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