Forecasting and visualization of wildfires in a 3D geographical information system

Castrillón, Modesto; Jorge, Pablo; López, Ignacio González; Macías, Antonio Flores; Martin, Daniel Jan; Nebot, Rafael; Sabbagh, Izzat; Quintana, F. M.; Sánchez, Javier; Sanchez, Alberto; Suárez, José P.; Trujillo, Agustín

doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2010.04.011

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A slider is developed to control the simulation time of the wildfire spread, therefore the propagation can be dynamically visualized and is able to be reviewed. As the wildfire spread visualization has high demands on the computer performance, the level of detail strategy, curve morphing technique [6] and multi-thread programming are used to optimize the rendering. …”

Section: For Each Time Step Extinguish Fire Perimeter(previous Time) mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VFire [1] uses FARSITE as the wildfire simulation engine, and the Capaware wild¿re plugin uses a web service that encapsulates the core FARSITE [6]. Besides, FARSITE has also been used in the wildfire simulation systems presented in articles [7][8].…”

Section: B Wildfire Simulation Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It uses CAVE and Hydra as hardware, FARSITE as wildfire simulator, and OpenSceneGraph(OSG) as graphics engine [4]. Capaware [5][6] is an open source framework to develop 3D graphics applications. It can offer high performance on the visualization of virtual geographical environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wildfire spread simulation and visualization in virtual environments

Yun

Chen

et al. 2011

Proceedings 2011 IEEE International Conference on Spatial Data Mining and Geographical Knowledge Services

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Wildfire spread is a complicated phenomenon that affected by many factors, such as terrain, vegetation, and weather conditions. This paper presents a wildfire-spread simulation and visualization method. A simulation system was developed based on OSG(Open Scene Graph) and FARSITE (Fire Area Simulator). The system can visualize a realistic 3D wildfire scenario considering the influence factors. Wildfire is rendered by particle system, while LOD(Level Of Detail) and curve morphing technique are used to animate the flame and smoke under conditions of slope and wind. During the propagation of the procedural wildfire, the appearances of burned plants are changed automatically. The wildfire spread is visualized according to the calculations from the wildfire simulation engine. The users can not only manage the objects such as fire lines, fire-fighting vehicles and water-bombers, but also assess the damage. Keywords-Wildfire spread, 3D visualization, OSG, FARSITE, virtual environment I. INTRODUCTIONEvery year, wildfires cause huge damage around the world. In order to prevent and reduce the damage, scientists have developed various wildfire spread models for the wildfire behavior simulation and spread prediction. These fire models have been incorporated into many wildfire simulators, which can be divided into two types(vector-based and raster-based). Vector-based simulators which follow the idea of elliptical wave propagation[1] have accurate results, but they are complex and time-consuming in simulation. FARSITE[2] that developed by the Department of Agriculture of the United States is the most famous vector-based wildfire simulator. It incorporates a number of fire models including Rothermel's surface spread model and Van Wagner's crown fire model [3]. In comparison with vector-based simulators, the raster-based simulators which propagate fire through some set of rules across a uniform grid[1] implement easier and faster, but their results are less precise. FlamMap is a popular raster-based fire spread simulator, which assumes that the entire landscape is ignited and computes the spread characteristics for each cell of the terrain [3].The wildfire simulators advance in the fire behavior simulation and spread prediction, however, most of them visualize the wildfire simulation by two-dimensional(2D) images. The 2D images are difficult to realistically simulate the wildfire and the influence factors. Nowadays, the Virtual Reality(VR) technology can offer a better way to visualize

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Section: For Each Time Step Extinguish Fire Perimeter(previous Time) mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Wildfire Simulation Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

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Wildfire spread simulation and visualization in virtual environments

Yun

Chen

et al. 2011

Proceedings 2011 IEEE International Conference on Spatial Data Mining and Geographical Knowledge Services

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“…VFire [7] is a wildfIre simulation and visualization system, using CAVE and Hydra as the supporting hardware environment. Capaware [2] is an open source framework for high performance 3D graphics applications development. A fIre spread simulation plug-in was developed for the local authorities for fIre prevention and fIre spread prediction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and visualization of forest fire growth in an integrated 3D virtual geographical environment - a preliminary study

Huang

Tang

et al. 2012

2012 20th International Conference on Geoinformatics

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It is important to understand how wildland fire is spreading in a given forest landscape as this information is critical to many applications such as emergency response and decision support for fire suppression, prescribed burning, fire prevention education and fighting training. We review the progress in fire spread simulation and virtual forest modeling, and present a 3D forest fire spread simulation and visualization system. Methods and techniques for modeling and visualization of terrain, trees and vegetations and fires are discussed and incorporated with fire spread simulation and visualization system. An integrated environment was built based on OntoPlant, a suite of virtual plant software developed in house, FARSITE fire simulator developed by the USD A as fire spread engine and Open Scene Graph (OSG). The system can display a realistic 3D wildfire scenario taking into consideration the factors such as terrain, vegetation type and weather conditions. Fire is rendered by using particle system, while the level of detail and curve morphing technique are used to animate the flame and smoke under various slope and wind conditions. During the fire propagation, the appearances of burned plants are updated automatically. The fire spreading is visualized according to the calculations derived from the fire simulation engine. Greater insight can be gained as users realistically and intuitively view the fire progress in our 3D virtual forest environment.

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“…The development of the proposed GIS multidimensionally-unified representation, analysis, and modeling enhances current GIS algorithms and geographical models. The representation and arrangement of complex geographical objects and scenes are identified as important in the application and usability of geographic information systems (GIS) [1][2][3][4]. Object expression and code construction of operations is an important step in advancing GIS research from static characteristics to a more comprehensive research on temporal and spatially distributed structures, and modeling and forecasting of dynamic processes and mechanisms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Geometric algebra method for multidimensionally-unified GIS computation

Yuan

Luo

et al. 2011

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Seamless multidimensional handling and coordinate-free characteristics of geometric algebra (GA) provide means to construct multidimensionally-unified GIS computation models. Using the multivector representation for basic geometric objects within GA, we are able to construct adaptable unified geometric-topological structural models of a multidimensional geographical scene. Multidimensional operators found within the geometry, topology and GIS analysis are developed with basic GA operators. A unified computational framework is proposed, it unifies expressions and operation structures, as well as supports the analysis of multidimensional complex scenes. Finally, we illustrate modelling a three-dimensional residential district, which shows that GAbased multidimensionally-unified computation models can effectively represent and analyze complex and multidimensional geographical scenes. The development of the proposed GIS multidimensionally-unified representation, analysis, and modeling enhances current GIS algorithms and geographical models. The representation and arrangement of complex geographical objects and scenes are identified as important in the application and usability of geographic information systems (GIS) [1][2][3][4]. Object expression and code construction of operations is an important step in advancing GIS research from static characteristics to a more comprehensive research on temporal and spatially distributed structures, and modeling and forecasting of dynamic processes and mechanisms. It is also an indispensable process in achieving model integration and comprehensive use in GIS and professional areas [5][6][7][8]. There still exist many limitations within traditional GIS, based on Euclidean geometry, in maintaining complex representations of geographical objects, multidimensional spatial relations, and topographical analysis [9]. Constructing models that support multidimensionally-unified geographical object representations and operations based on new mathematical theories is one possible way to reduce the multidimensional complexity of current GIS and to improve architectural efficiencies in its operations and analysis [10,11]. Geometric algebra (GA), known as a unifying descriptive language, can integrate algebra with geometry, mathematics with physics. By defining the spatial operation sets (e.g. geometry, measurement, topology) with GA operators, Euclidean, homogeneous, and conformal spaces can be described and converted among each other, this provide a unification and representation of varied algebraic structures and geometric systems [12,13]. Calculus, geometry, and signal processing (e.g. neural network and wavelet) methods can be reconstructed and expanded under the GA framework [14,15], which then provides a foundation for expansion and reconstruction of topological models. Here, based on GA's multivectors and operators, we construct a geometric framework that enables multidimensionallyunified computation modeling of multiple geometric objects

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Forecasting and visualization of wildfires in a 3D geographical information system

Cited by 29 publications

References 12 publications

Wildfire spread simulation and visualization in virtual environments

Wildfire spread simulation and visualization in virtual environments

Simulation and visualization of forest fire growth in an integrated 3D virtual geographical environment - a preliminary study

Geometric algebra method for multidimensionally-unified GIS computation

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