Forage plants as an alternative feed resource for sustainable pig production in the tropics: a review

Kambashi, Bienvenu; Boudry, Christelle; Picron, Pascale; Bindelle, Jérôme

doi:10.1017/s1751731114000561

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…With 30 to 50 g kg -1 of nitrogen in the dry matter, legumes species, such as cowpea, are used in rotation with other crops to protect the soil, reduce erosion, or as green manure to improve soil fertility and forage production rich in protein (TIMKO et al, 2007;KAMBASHI et al, 2014a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiotic Efficiency of Rhizobia Strains With Cowpea in Southern Maranhão

et al. 2016

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-The objective of this study was to evaluate the symbiotic efficiency of three novel nitrogenfixing bacterial strains with cowpea cv. BRS Guariba as forage. Two experiments were carried out in the field in Balsas and São Raimundo das Mangabeiras, MA, in a randomized block design with seven treatments and four replications: three novel strains efficient in symbiotic nitrogen fixation with cowpea (UFLA 3-153, UFLA 3-154 and UFLA 3-164), two strains already approved as inoculants by MAPA (UFLA 3-84/SEMIA 6461 and INPA 3-11B/SEMIA 6462), and two controls without inoculation, with and without mineral N. Symbiotic efficiency of strains was determined by the number of nodules, nodules dry matter, shoot dry matter, relative efficiency, crude protein content and shoot N content. Strains UFLA 3-154 and UFLA 3-164 were the most efficient in Balsas, whereas UFLA 3-153 and UFLA 3-164 were the most efficient in São Raimundo das Mangabeiras. Strains UFLA 3-153, UFLA 3-154 and UFLA 3-164 were more efficient in symbiotic nitrogen fixation with cowpea than the strains already approved as inoculants UFLA 3-84 and INPA 3-11B in the climatic and edaphic conditions of southern Maranhão. UFLA 3-164 is the most efficient strain in this region.Keywords: Vigna unguiculata. Biological nitrogen fixation. Diazotrofic bacteria. Forage. EFICIÊNCIA SIMBIÓTICA DE ESTIRPES DE RIZÓBIO EM FEIJÃO-CAUPI NO SUL DO MARANHÃORESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência simbiótica de três novas estirpes de bactérias fixadoras de N2 em feijão-caupi cv. BRS Guariba como forrageira. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos em campo, em Balsas e São Raimundo das Mangabeiras, MA, em delineamento em blocos casualizados com sete tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo: três novas estirpes eficientes em feijão-caupi (UFLA 3-153, UFLA 3-154 e UFLA 3-164), duas estirpes já aprovadas como inoculantes pelo MAPA (UFLA 3-84/SEMIA 6461 e INPA 3-11B/SEMIA 6462) e dois controles sem inoculação, com e sem N mineral. A eficiência simbiótica das estirpes foi determinada pelo número e massa seca de nódulos, produção de matéria seca da parte aérea, eficiência relativa, teor e acúmulo de proteína bruta e nitrogênio na parte aérea. As estirpes UFLA 03-154 e UFLA 3-164 destacaram-se na eficiência simbiótica de N 2 em Balsas e a UFLA 3-153 e UFLA 3-164 em São Raimundo das Mangabeiras. As estirpes UFLA 3-153, UFLA 3-154 e UFLA 3-164 são mais eficientes em fixar nitrogênio do que as estirpes aprovadas como inoculantes UFLA 3-84 e INPA 3-11B nas condições edafoclimáticas do sul do Maranhão. A UFLA 3-164 é a estirpe mais eficiente em fixar nitrogênio na região estudada.Palavras-chave: Vigna unguiculata. Fixação biológica de nitrogênio. Bactérias diazotróficas. Forragem.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiotic Efficiency of Rhizobia Strains With Cowpea in Southern Maranhão

et al. 2016

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“…Fibrous ingredients that possess a high water retention capacity are highly effective in satisfying feeding motivation (Kambashi et al 2014). According to Robert et al (1997), females receiving less bulky diets finished their meal before the postprandial glucose and insulin peak, suggesting that the motivation to eat had not yet ceased.…”

Section: Skin Temperature (°C)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of forages or other bulky foods as a source of dietary fiber in pig feeding is not a new concept (Kambashi et al 2014). However, in recent years dietary fiber has started to be used as an alternative source of energy in pig feeding, especially during the growth finishing of animals destined for slaughter and those destined for breeding (Gomes et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior and performance of sows fed different levels of fiber and reared in individual cages or collective pens

Budiño

Vieira

Mello

et al. 2014

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Sixteen pregnant sows were used. The experimental design was completely randomized with a 2x2 factorial scheme consisting of two housing systems (individual cages and collective pens) and two diets (low [2.67%] and high [13.14%] level of crude fiber). Physiological, behavioral, environmental, and hormonal parameters were studied. In addition, the following productive and reproductive parameters were evaluated: weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion of the sow and piglets, number of piglets born dead and alive, number and weight at weaning, and backfat thickness of sows. Pregnant sows reared in collective pens and fed a highfiber diet exhibited better physiological responses, indicating greater comfort and better animal welfare. The environmental variables were close to the comfort zone of the animals. In addition to providing a more comfortable environment, housing pigs in collective pens reduced stereotypy, permitting the sows to express a more natural behavior. The high-fiber diet did not interfere with female productive performance. Tifton hay can therefore be indicated as an alternative for the formulation of sow diets to improve animal welfare.

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“…According to Kambashi et al (2014), forage is rich in fibre and has a high bulking capacity and reducing energy density of the diets, but the pigs are able to cope with this reduction in energy density by increasing feed intake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of feeding restriction on growth and dressing percentages in Mexican hairless pig

Rodríguez-González

Trejo-Lizama

Santos-Ricalde

2016

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Twenty-four male Mexican hairless pigs, weighing 16 ± 1.12 kg, were used to evaluate growth performance and carcass yield in pigs fed 2 (L), 3 (M) and 4 (H) times the Metabolizable Energy (ME) required for maintenance. The pigs were assigned randomly to two experimental rearing systems (indoors and outdoors). They were fed daily according to their respective feeding regimen (FR). The indoor pigs were fed ad libitum with chopped star grass forage (Cynodon nlemfuensis). The outdoor pigs had access during 16 h to a paddock of star grass. The pigs were slaughtered when they achieve 70 kg of live weight. No significant differences between indoors and outdoors were observed in any of the variables evaluated (P > 0.05). A significant reduction of daily live weight gain (P < 0.05) was observed conforming to FR reductions (0.501, 0.438 and 0.300 kg/day for H, M and L, respectively). Days to achieve 70 kg of live weight increase (P < 0.05) as FR reduces (110, 124 and 180 days for H, M and L, respectively) were recorded. Forage consumption in pigs reared indoors reduces (P < 0.05) conforming to FR increases (0.092, 0.121 and 0.307 kg DM/day for H, M and L respectively). Fat carcass yield reduces significantly (P < 0.05) according FR reductions (24.5, 22.8 y 18.9 kg, for H, M and L respectively). Also, carcass meat yield was higher (P < 0.05) in pigs from L regimen (25.0 kg) than in pigs from M and H regimen (22.0 and 22.8 kg, respectively). Results obtained indicate a reduction in daily live weight gain conforming to daily feed intake reductions; however, improvement in carcass meat yield, accompanied with a reduction in carcass fat yield, was observed.

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Forage plants as an alternative feed resource for sustainable pig production in the tropics: a review

Cited by 29 publications

References 85 publications

Symbiotic Efficiency of Rhizobia Strains With Cowpea in Southern Maranhão

Symbiotic Efficiency of Rhizobia Strains With Cowpea in Southern Maranhão

Behavior and performance of sows fed different levels of fiber and reared in individual cages or collective pens

Effect of feeding restriction on growth and dressing percentages in Mexican hairless pig

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