For Whom the Clock Ticks: Clinical Chronobiology for Infectious Diseases

Diallo, Aïssatou Bailo; Coiffard, Benjamin; Léone, Marc; Mezouar, Soraya; Mège, Jean‐Louis

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01457

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 144 publications

(168 reference statements)

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“…Thus, the manipulation of Bmal1 serves as a popular model for circadian studies. It is increasingly recognized that immune function is regulated in a rhythmic manner and is sensitive to the timing of pathogen exposure ( Scheiermann et al, 2018 ; Diallo et al., 2020 ; Haspel et al, 2020 ). Since SARS-CoV-2 primarily replicates in the respiratory tract, a circadian-regulated system ( Paschos and FitzGerald, 2010 ; Ince et al, 2018 ), diurnal rhythms are likely to have direct relevance to COVID-19 pathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clocks, Viruses, and Immunity: Lessons for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Sengupta

Ince²,

Sartor

et al. 2021

J Biol Rhythms

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Circadian rhythms are evolutionarily conserved anticipatory systems that allow the host to prepare and respond to threats in its environment. This article summarizes a European Biological Rhythms Society (EBRS) workshop held in July 2020 to review current knowledge of the interplay between the circadian clock and viral infections to inform therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. A large body of work supports the role of the circadian clock in regulating various aspects of viral replication, host responses, and associated pathogenesis. We review the evidence describing the multifaceted role of the circadian clock, spanning host susceptibility, antiviral mechanisms, and host resilience. Finally, we define the most pressing research questions and how our knowledge of chronobiology can inform key translational research priorities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clocks, Viruses, and Immunity: Lessons for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Sengupta

Ince²,

Sartor

et al. 2021

J Biol Rhythms

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“…The circadian clock is fundamental to human well-being as it regulates almost all aspects of our daily biochemistry, physiology, and behaviour including sleep, immune function, wound healing, and responses to drugs [ 1 , 2 ]. Disruptions of the circadian clock have been shown to have major impacts on health and well-being including metabolic disorders and diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and impaired immune function [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Anaesthesia Shifts the Murine Circadian Clock in a Time-Dependant Fashion

et al. 2021

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Following general anaesthesia (GA), patients frequently experience sleep disruption and fatigue, which has been hypothesized to result at least in part by GA affecting the circadian clock. Here, we provide the first comprehensive time-dependent analysis of the effects of the commonly administered inhalational anaesthetic, isoflurane, on the murine circadian clock, by analysing its effects on (a) behavioural locomotor rhythms and (b) PER2::LUC expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the mouse brain. Behavioural phase shifts elicited by exposure of mice (n = 80) to six hours of GA (2% isoflurane) were determined by recording wheel-running rhythms in constant conditions (DD). Phase shifts in PER2::LUC expression were determined by recording bioluminescence in organotypic SCN slices (n = 38) prior to and following GA exposure (2% isoflurane). Full phase response curves for the effects of GA on behaviour and PER2::LUC rhythms were constructed, which show that the effects of GA are highly time-dependent. Shifts in SCN PER2 expression were much larger than those of behaviour (c. 0.7 h behaviour vs. 7.5 h PER2::LUC). We discuss the implications of this work for understanding how GA affects the clock, and how it may inform the development of chronotherapeutic strategies to reduce GA-induced phase-shifting in patients.

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“…It is nowadays well-established that infections are closely related to circadian rhythms in terms of susceptibility, clinical presentation, and severity [ 101 ]. Interactions between circadian and immune systems are bidirectional, such that immune factors can influence circadian timing by acting on the biological clock in the SCN and clocks in peripheral tissues [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Circadian Disruption Of the Temperature And Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tangled Threesome: Circadian Rhythm, Body Temperature Variations, and the Immune System

Coiffard

Diallo

Mezouar

et al. 2021

Biology

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The circadian rhythm of the body temperature (CRBT) is a marker of the central biological clock that results from multiple complex biological processes. In mammals, including humans, the body temperature displays a strict circadian rhythm and has to be maintained within a narrow range to allow optimal physiological functions. There is nowadays growing evidence on the role of the temperature circadian rhythm on the expression of the molecular clock. The CRBT likely participates in the phase coordination of circadian timekeepers in peripheral tissues, thus guaranteeing the proper functioning of the immune system. The disruption of the CRBT, such as fever, has been repeatedly described in diseases and likely reflects a physiological process to activate the molecular clock and trigger the immune response. On the other hand, temperature circadian disruption has also been described as associated with disease severity and thus may mirror or contribute to immune dysfunction. The present review aims to characterize the potential implication of the temperature circadian rhythm on the immune response, from molecular pathways to diseases. The origin of CRBT and physiological changes in body temperature will be mentioned. We further review the immune biological effects of temperature rhythmicity in hosts, vectors, and pathogens. Finally, we discuss the relationship between circadian disruption of the body temperature and diseases and highlight the emerging evidence that CRBT monitoring would be an easy tool to predict outcomes and guide future studies in chronotherapy.

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For Whom the Clock Ticks: Clinical Chronobiology for Infectious Diseases

Cited by 35 publications

References 144 publications

Clocks, Viruses, and Immunity: Lessons for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Clocks, Viruses, and Immunity: Lessons for the COVID-19 Pandemic

General Anaesthesia Shifts the Murine Circadian Clock in a Time-Dependant Fashion

A Tangled Threesome: Circadian Rhythm, Body Temperature Variations, and the Immune System

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