Foot-and-mouth disease and beyond: vaccine design, past, present and future

Brown, F.

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-6425-9_13

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Neutrophil is the most important phagocytic cell which participates in the innate immune response, also known as the nonspecific immune response [29]. Lymphocytosis is the result of enhancement of the B cell function for antibody formation as indicated in the present study by increased gamma globulins [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Specifically, hexavalent-vaccinated animals demonstrated significantly higher values of gamma globulins compared to animals receiving the combined vaccines reflecting a stronger humoral immune response and greater protection provided with hexavalent vaccine for cattle in the face of FMD. An FMD vaccine stimulates a predominantly humoral immune response in the vaccinated animal and, in cattle, there was a good correlation between antibody level and protection against live virus challenge by the same strain of FMD virus from which the vaccine was produced [30]. It is generally accepted that a higher concentration of serum immunoglobulins provide more protection against the diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Study on the Hemato-Biochemical and Immunological Effects of the Hexavalent FMD Vaccine Alone or in Combination with Trivalent FMD Vaccine in Cattle

Shawky¹,

Thabet²,

Orabi³

et al. 2016

JBM

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Foot and mouth disease is the most contagious disease of mammals and has a great potential for causing severe economic loss in susceptible cloven-hoofed animals. Routine prophylactic vaccination in Egypt from 2012 till now has been conducted with Trivalent and/or hexavalent vaccine of MERIAL, against virus strains (O manisa + O-3039 + A Iran 05 + A Saudi 95 + Asia 1 + Sat2). This study aimed to evaluate the hemato-biochemical and immunological changes associated with the use of hexavalent vaccine alone or in combination with trivalent FMD vaccine. This study was carried out on 24 cattle divided into three groups eight cattle each. Group I served as control. Group II were selected from farms vaccinated with hexavalent FMD vaccine. Group III were selected from farms vaccinated with a combination of trivalent and hexavalent FMD vaccine. The results showed that both vaccinated groups showed a significant increase in total leukocytic count. Sera from hexavalent-trivalent vaccinated cattle demonstrated a significant increase in serum cortisol concentrations. Significant increase in serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase was recorded in animals vaccinated with a combination of hexavalent and trivalent vaccine. In addition, both regimes resulted in a significant increase in serum blood urea nitrogen compared to control. Both regimes induced a significant increase in serum levels of ceruloplasmin while phagocytic activity S. M. Shawky et al. 17 of neutrophils and phagocytic index was enhanced only by the hexavalent vaccine. Both vaccinated groups had significantly increased serum values of gamma globulins. These results suggested that hexavalent vaccine produced higher levels of safety and protective effects against FMD in cattle as compared to those produced by a combination of hexavalent and trivalent vaccines. It is also advisable to include the hexavalent vaccine within the program of obligatory and imperative vaccination against FMD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on the Hemato-Biochemical and Immunological Effects of the Hexavalent FMD Vaccine Alone or in Combination with Trivalent FMD Vaccine in Cattle

Shawky¹,

Thabet²,

Orabi³

et al. 2016

JBM

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“…A number of molecular approaches to FMD vaccine development have been used since the mid-1970s, including the use of viral subunit proteins, protein fragments, and peptides, isolated from viral particles or produced in bacteria, baculovirus, and transgenic plants or as synthetic peptides (10,29,66). A general problem with most subunit vaccines is that they do not elicit a protective immune response comparable with that induced by live virus or killed whole-virus vaccines (66).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Can Induce a Specific and Rapid CD4⁺T-Cell-Independent Neutralizing and Isotype Class-Switched Antibody Response in Naïve Cattle

Juleff

Windsor

Lefèvre

et al. 2009

J Virol

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The role of T-lymphocyte subsets in recovery from foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection in calves was investigated by administering subset-specific monoclonal antibodies. The depletion of circulating CD4؉ or WC1 ؉ ␥␦ T cells was achieved for a period extending from before challenge to after resolution of viremia and peak clinical signs, whereas CD8؉ cell depletion was only partial. The depletion of CD4 ؉ cells was also confirmed by analysis of lymph node biopsy specimens 5 days postchallenge. Depletion with anti-WC1 and anti-CD8 antibodies had no effect on the kinetics of infection, clinical signs, and immune responses following FMDV infection. Three of the four CD4 ؉ T-cell-depleted calves failed to generate an antibody response to the nonstructural polyprotein 3ABC but generated a neutralizing antibody response similar to that in the controls, including rapid isotype switching to immunoglobulin G antibody. We conclude that antibody responses to sites on the surface of the virus capsid are T cell independent, whereas those directed against the nonstructural proteins are T cell dependent. CD4 depletion was found to substantially inhibit antibody responses to the G-H peptide loop VP1 135-156 on the viral capsid, indicating that responses to this particular site, which has a more mobile structure than other neutralizing sites on the virus capsid, are T cell dependent. The depletion of CD4 ؉

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“…Infection of FMDV causes a highly contagious and economically important disease in cloven-hoofed animals, including cattle, pigs, sheep and goats; this disease is characterized by vesicular lesions in the mouth and on the feet, teats and nares (Sen and Saha, 1994;Brown, 1999;Balamurugan et al, 2004;Grubman and Baxt, 2004;Arzt et al, 2011). FMDV has a dual capacity to induce either an acute infection in clovenhooved animals, or an inapparent, persistent infection in ruminants (Brown, 1999;Grubman and Baxt, 2004;Mahy, 2005). FMDV usually becomes immediately cytopathic to the cultured cells, in which it can also establish a long-term persistent infection (de la Torre et al, 1985;Huang et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-species hybridization of foot-and-mouth disease virus-infected BHK-21 cells using human and mouse oligonucleotide microarrays

Zhang¹,

Wang²,

Han³

et al. 2017

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Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has a dual capacity to induce either acute or persistent infection in host animals. Establishment of an in vitro cell model of FMDV persistent infection facilitates the study of the mechanism underlying this type of infection. In this study, we analyzed gene expression profiles of both acute and persistent infections using cross-species microarrays. Our data suggest that human microarrays are more efficient than mouse microarrays in hybridization with cDNA from BHK-21 cells although the mouse is closer to the Syrian hamster in taxonomy. A set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that may be involved in the determination of acute or persistent infection was identified by using human or mouse microarrays. Seven common DEGs were found in both human and mouse arrays and showed similar fold changes. Among the DEGs, 33 genes were selected for further validation by using qRT-PCR and presented consistent results. The analysis of Gene Ontology Biological Processes indicated that various biosynthetic and metabolic processes were negatively regulated in the group of acute infection whereas multicellular organismal development processes were positively regulated in the group of persistent infection. Our study demonstrates the plausibility and utility of using cross-species microarrays to study FMDV-infected mammalian cells. The combined use of two types of microarrays can be more informative in exploring the mechanisms underlying the infections of FMDV.

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Foot-and-mouth disease and beyond: vaccine design, past, present and future

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

A Comparative Study on the Hemato-Biochemical and Immunological Effects of the Hexavalent FMD Vaccine Alone or in Combination with Trivalent FMD Vaccine in Cattle

A Comparative Study on the Hemato-Biochemical and Immunological Effects of the Hexavalent FMD Vaccine Alone or in Combination with Trivalent FMD Vaccine in Cattle

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Can Induce a Specific and Rapid CD4⁺T-Cell-Independent Neutralizing and Isotype Class-Switched Antibody Response in Naïve Cattle

Cross-species hybridization of foot-and-mouth disease virus-infected BHK-21 cells using human and mouse oligonucleotide microarrays

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Foot-and-mouth disease and beyond: vaccine design, past, present and future

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

A Comparative Study on the Hemato-Biochemical and Immunological Effects of the Hexavalent FMD Vaccine Alone or in Combination with Trivalent FMD Vaccine in Cattle

A Comparative Study on the Hemato-Biochemical and Immunological Effects of the Hexavalent FMD Vaccine Alone or in Combination with Trivalent FMD Vaccine in Cattle

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Can Induce a Specific and Rapid CD4+T-Cell-Independent Neutralizing and Isotype Class-Switched Antibody Response in Naïve Cattle

Cross-species hybridization of foot-and-mouth disease virus-infected BHK-21 cells using human and mouse oligonucleotide microarrays

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Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Can Induce a Specific and Rapid CD4⁺T-Cell-Independent Neutralizing and Isotype Class-Switched Antibody Response in Naïve Cattle