Foodborne Gastroenteritis Caused by Salmonella and Shigella

Heat Shock and Cold Shock Treatments Affect the Survival of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella Typhimurium Exposed to Disinfectants

“…Ingestion of food containing viable cells of Salmonella may result in salmonellosis, one of the most frequently occurring bacterial foodbome illnesses (8). Eggs, poultry, meat, and meat products are the most common food vehicles of salmonellosis in humans (5,8). Because of the high frequency of foodbome outbreaks caused by Salmonella and the severe pathogenic ity of L. monocytogenes, these bacteria are of foremost concern to regulatory agencies, the food industry, and consumers.…”

“…Salmonella, which is a gram-negative pathogen, is the etiologic agents for a variety of diseases ranging from gastroenteritis to enteric fever. Ingestion of food containing viable cells of Salmonella may result in salmonellosis, one of the most frequently occurring bacterial foodbome illnesses (8). Eggs, poultry, meat, and meat products are the most common food vehicles of salmonellosis in humans (5,8).…”

Study of the strain variability of the behavior of Salmonella enterica

“…Salmonellae are typical members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and as such, they are small (typically 0.5 μm × 1-3 μm), Gram-negative, non-sporeforming rods that are indistinguishable from Escherichia coli under the microscope or on ordinary nutrient media (Adams and Moss, 2008;Grimont et al, 2000;Jay, 2000). Strains belonging to the genus Salmonella are facultative anaerobes, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and are generally motile with peritrichous flagella (Adams and Moss, 2008;Grimont et al, 2000); however, some serotypes (e.g., Gallinarum) are regularly non-motile, while non-motile mutants of normally motile serotypes have also been observed (Grimont et al, 2000).…”

“…The natural habitat of Salmonella spp. is the intestinal tract of animals such as birds, reptiles, farm animals, and occasionally rodents and insects (Jay, 2000;Murray et al, 2000). The presence of salmonellae in many environmental niches (e.g., water, waste, animal feeds, farm and aquaculture environments, food products) is explained either by direct fecal contamination or by transmission of the organisms excreted in feces via insects, animals or humans (Jay et al, 2000;Murray et al, 2000).…”

“…is the intestinal tract of animals such as birds, reptiles, farm animals, and occasionally rodents and insects (Jay, 2000;Murray et al, 2000). The presence of salmonellae in many environmental niches (e.g., water, waste, animal feeds, farm and aquaculture environments, food products) is explained either by direct fecal contamination or by transmission of the organisms excreted in feces via insects, animals or humans (Jay et al, 2000;Murray et al, 2000). Indeed, both wild and domesticated animals, in addition to serving as reservoirs of Salmonella spp., may also act as disseminators of these organisms, resulting in their wide dispersion in the environment (Levantesi et al, 2012;Murray et al, 2000).…”