Foodborne Agents Causing Illness

Piezoelectric Flow Injection Analysis Biosensor for the Detection of Salmonella Typhimurium

“…Because of the drawbacks to the conventional method, attempts have been made to modify the culture method, such as reducing the pre-enrichment incubation with modified agars and broths, allowing the test to finish a day earlier (Poppe and Duncan 1996). Other methods for Salmonella detection, referred to as "rapid screening methods," include hydrophobic grid membrane filtration (HGMF) (Entis and Boleszczuk 1991), fluorescent antibody method (Banwart 1989), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Wyatt and others 1995), DNA hybridization methods (Tsen and others 1991), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods (Wijojoatmadjo and others 1991). The HGMF method has reduced detection time from 2 to 3 days, but it has some limitations: clogging of pores during filtration, and interference with counting organisms in food particles trapped on the membrane surface (Banwart 1989).…”

“…Other methods for Salmonella detection, referred to as "rapid screening methods," include hydrophobic grid membrane filtration (HGMF) (Entis and Boleszczuk 1991), fluorescent antibody method (Banwart 1989), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Wyatt and others 1995), DNA hybridization methods (Tsen and others 1991), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods (Wijojoatmadjo and others 1991). The HGMF method has reduced detection time from 2 to 3 days, but it has some limitations: clogging of pores during filtration, and interference with counting organisms in food particles trapped on the membrane surface (Banwart 1989). Immunological methods utilize the advantage of antibody specificity, but require trained personnel and can be relatively expensive.…”

Effects of irradiation on selected pathogens in meat and meat products

“…perfringens in the U.S., Canada, and Europe in general (Banwart, 1989). More recent data (Bean et al, 1990) showed that Salmonella was still responsible for the greatest numbers of outbreaks (57%) from 1983 to 1987, followed by C. botulinum (12.3%), S.…”

“…Duration of gastroenteritis usually lasts for two to three days, but if further infection occurs, the illness may persist for months or years, and it may result in death. Children are more susceptible than adults to prolonged excretion of the organism (Banwart, 1989).…”

Study of short-wave ultraviolet treatments (UV-C) as a non-thermal preservation process for liquid egg products

“…are gram(-), non spore-forming, rod-shaped facultative aerobes belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae, which are naturally found in the intestinal tract of humans and animals. They can be spread from animal to animal and from animal to humans by poor food-handling practices and consumption of raw or undercooked foods of animal origin (Banwart, 1989). There are more than 2500 serotypes of Salmonella spp.…”