Food choice and intake: towards a unifying framework of learning and feeding motivation

Day, J. M.; Kyriazakis, Ι.; Rogers, Peter J.

doi:10.1079/nrr19980004

Cited by 72 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…effects (Day et al, 1998), leading to longer recovery times. For digestive and respiratory diseases, there was no difference in ADFI between challenged and control pigs after the animals had recovered, which agrees with observations from Kyriazakis et al (1998) and Sandberg et al (2006).…”

Section: Consequences Of Immune Challenges On Feed Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of feed intake and growth responses of growing pigs after a sanitary challenge

Pastorelli

Milgen

Lovatto

et al. 2012

Animal

104

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Sanitary challenges negatively affect feed intake and growth, leading to a negative impact on animal well-being and economic losses. The aim of this study was to carry out a meta-analysis to quantify the dynamic feed intake and growth responses of growing pigs after a sanitary challenge. A database was constructed using 122 published experiments reporting the average daily feed intake (ADFI) and the average daily gain (ADG) of pigs subjected to one of six sanitary challenges: digestive bacterial infections, poor housing conditions, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenges, mycotoxicoses, parasitic infections and respiratory diseases. The responses to experimental challenges were calculated relative to that of a control group. Statistical analyses were carried out for each challenge to quantify the mean and the dynamic responses in feed intake and growth and to identify the basis of the reduction in growth (i.e. reduction in feed intake or reduction in feed efficiency related to changes in maintenance requirements). All challenges resulted in a reduction in ADFI and ADG, with the strongest responses for mycotoxicoses, respiratory diseases and digestive bacterial infections (8% to 23% reduction in ADFI and 16% to 29% reduction in ADG). The reduction in ADG was linearly related to the reduction in ADFI for digestive bacterial infections, LPS challenge, parasitic infections and respiratory diseases. For poor housing conditions and mycotoxicoses, the relationship was curvilinear. A 10% reduction in ADFI resulted in a reduction in ADG varying from 10% for mycotoxicoses to 43% for digestive bacterial infections. More than 70% of the reduction in ADG could be explained by the reduction in ADFI for mycotoxicoses, LPS challenge and respiratory diseases. For challenges associated with the gastrointestinal tract, a large part of the reduction in ADG was due to an increase in maintenance requirements, suggesting digestive and metabolic changes. A dynamic pattern in the reduction in feed intake and growth rate could be identified for digestive bacterial infections, mycotoxicoses and respiratory diseases. For digestive bacterial infections and mycotoxicoses, pigs did not fully recover from the challenge during the experimental period. The results of this study can be used to quantify the effects of a sanitary challenge in growth models of pigs.Keywords: meta-analysis, pigs, feed intake, growth, sanitary challenge Implications Diseases negatively affect feed intake and growth in pigs. This often results in a decrease in feed efficiency, an increase in production costs (e.g. feed and veterinary costs) and an increase in nutrient excretion and in environmental impact. Medication and/or feed additives are often used to limit the negative consequences of diseases. However, the development of sustainable pig production systems requires reducing the use of medication and feed additives. The ability to predict the performance of pigs under a wide range of sanitary challenges allows using management and feeding strategies to minimize the ne...

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Section: Consequences Of Immune Challenges On Feed Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of feed intake and growth responses of growing pigs after a sanitary challenge

Pastorelli

Milgen

Lovatto

et al. 2012

Animal

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The stagnation of ADFI could be also indicative of a feed aversion. Indeed, pigs can develop a feed aversion through the association between the sensory properties of the feed and post-ingestive effects such as abdominal pain caused by digestive disorders (Day et al, 1998). Through learning, pigs can modify or redirect their feeding behaviour to cope with these possible stressors (Dantzer and Mormè de, 1983).…”

Section: Responses Of Pigs To the Degradation Of Sanitary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sanitary housing conditions modify the performance and behavioural response of weaned pigs to feed- and housing-related stressors

Pastorelli

Floc'H

Merlot

et al. 2012

Animal

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Pigs are confronted with changes in farming practices that may affect performance and animal well-being. The sanitary conditions of the farm can have an impact on the ability of pigs to adapt to these changes. This study aimed to analyse how weaned pigs respond to common farming practices of changes in diet and housing in terms of performance, health and behaviour, and how these responses are affected by the sanitary housing conditions, qualified here as good or poor. At weaning at 4 weeks of age, 20 piglets were assigned to 10 blocks of two littermates and each pig within a litter was randomly assigned to one of two sanitary conditions. Pigs were housed individually and received a starter diet. A diet change occurred on day 12 post weaning (starter to weaner diets) and pigs were transferred to the grower unit on day 33 post weaning and continued to receive the weaner diet. From 43 days post weaning, pigs were offered a grower diet and were vaccinated against swine influenza on day 47 and 61 post weaning. On the basis of this design, three post-weaning phases were identified: phase I from day 1 to 11 (post weaning), phase II from day 12 to 32 (after the diet change) and phase III from day 33 to 42 (after the housing change). Individual BW was measured every 3 days, and feed refusals and faecal scores were recorded on a daily basis. Behavioural observations were performed during 28 days by using the instantaneous scan sampling method. Individual blood samples were collected at the end of each phase to analyse the plasma concentration of haptoglobin and on day 68 post weaning to analyse the anti-influenza immunoglobulins G (IgG). Poor sanitary conditions resulted in a decrease in daily gain, feed intake and gain to feed ratio of, respectively, 11%, 5% and 7% (P< 0.05). Pigs in poor sanitary conditions had higher faecal scores (P< 0.05), tended to have higher plasma haptoglobin concentration in phase II (P= 0.06) and had a higher anti-influenza IgG titre (P= 0.11). The diet change affected performance and behavioural responses of pigs in poor but not in good sanitary conditions. Housing change resulted in a 30% decrease in growth and an increase in behaviour oriented towards exploration and excitement. The results of this study show an effect of sanitary conditions on the responses of pigs to a diet change, whereas those to a housing change were little affected by the sanitary conditions.

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“…(Maclean, 1976) available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1079/NRR19980015 Some suggest that conventional models of foraging lack high level goals, which they contend are needed to explain how animals assess the value of foods (Day et al 1998). Their objective is to clarify how animals identify new foods and how individuals monitor changes in the nutritional qualities of foods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-organization of foraging behaviour: From simplicity to complexity without goals

et al. 1998

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A herbivore faces challenges while foraging-angoing changes in its physiological condition along with variation in the nutrient and toxin concentrations of foods, spatially and temporally-that make selecting a nutritious diet a vital affair. Foraging behaviours arise from simple rules that operate across levels of resolution from cells and organs to individuals and their interactions with social and physical environments. At all these levels, behaviour is a function of its consequences: a behaviour operating on the environment to induce changes is itself changed by those events. Thus, behaviour emerges from its own functioning-behaviour selforganizes-not from that of its surroundings. This ostensible autonomy notwithstanding, no self-organizing system (cell, organ, or individual) is independent of its environs because existence consists of an ongoing exchange of energy and matter. According to this view, the notion of cause and effect is replaced with functional relationships between behaviours and environmental consequences. Changes in physical environments alter the distribution, abundance, nutritional, and toxicological characteristics of plants, which affect food preference. Social interactions early in life influence behaviour in various ways: animals prefer familiar foods and environments, and they prefer to be with companions. Animals in unfamiliar environments often walk farther, ingest less food, and suffer more from malnutrition and toxicity than animals in familiar environments. An individual's food preferences-and its ability to discriminate familiar from novel foods-arise from the functional integration of sensory (smell, taste, texture) and postingestive (effects of nutrients and toxins on chemo-, osmo-, and mechano-receptors) effects. The ability to discriminate among foods is critical for survival: all problems with poisonous plants are due to an inability to discriminate or a lack of alternatives. Animals eat a variety of foods as a result of nearing or exceeding tolerance limits for sensory and postingestive effects unique to each food. After eating any food too frequently or excessively, the likelihood increases that animals will eat alternative foods owing to exceeding sensory-, nutrient-, and toxin-specific tolerance limits. Cyclic patterns of intake of a variety of foods reflect seemingly chaotic interactions among flavours, nutrients, and toxins interacting along continua.

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Food choice and intake: towards a unifying framework of learning and feeding motivation

Cited by 72 publications

References 103 publications

Meta-analysis of feed intake and growth responses of growing pigs after a sanitary challenge

Meta-analysis of feed intake and growth responses of growing pigs after a sanitary challenge

Sanitary housing conditions modify the performance and behavioural response of weaned pigs to feed- and housing-related stressors

Self-organization of foraging behaviour: From simplicity to complexity without goals

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