“…Globally, an estimation indicates 33 million cases, and 0.5 million deaths associated with typhoid fever (Sandala et al 2020), while NTS cause 93 million illnesses with 0.155 million deaths each year (Majowicz et al 2010). Salmonellosis lies among the most abundant food borne zoonotic diseases, and the disease can be spread to an extensive variety of hosts, including humans, animals and birds (Kaufmann et al 2001;Jafari et al 2007;Younus et al 2011). It can also infect all species of animals including livestock, poultry, pigs, reptiles, amphibians, dogs and cats (Stear 2005).…”