Fontes de obtenção de medicamentos para tratamento de hipertensão arterial no Brasil: análise da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2013

Mengue, Sotero Serrate; Tavares, Noêmia Urruth Leão; Costa, Karen Sarmento; Malta, Déborah Carvalho; Júnior, Jarbas Barbosa da Silva

doi:10.1590/1980-5497201500060017

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…In the case of medicines, studies have generally found high rates of access 19 , but while most health care is obtained from the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) 22 , most medicines are obtained from the private sector 8 , 17 . The medicines represent a high proportion of expenditure on health and, similarly, in this study they were present in most situations of CHE, with a higher catastrophic expenditure among the poorest, pattern observed in other studies 6 , 7 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Catastrophic expenditure on medicines in Brazil

et al. 2016

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OBJECTIVE To describe the magnitude of the expenditure on medicines in Brazil according to region, household size and composition in terms of residents in a situation of dependency.METHODS Population-based data from the national household survey were used, with probabilistic sample, applied between September 2013 and February 2014 in urban households. The expenditure on medicines was the main outcome of interest. The prevalence and confidence intervals (95%CI) of the outcomes were stratified according to socioeconomic classification and calculated according to the region, the number of residents dependent on income, the presence of children under five years and residents in a situation of dependency by age.RESULTS In about one of every 17 households (5.3%) catastrophic health expenditure was reported and, in 3.2%, the medicines were reported as one of the items responsible for this situation. The presence of three or more residents (3.6%) and resident in a situation of dependency (3.6%) were the ones that most reported expenditure on medicines. Southeast was the region with the lowest prevalence of expenditure on medicines. The prevalence of households with catastrophic health expenditure and on medicines in relation to the total of households showed a regressive tendency for economic classes.CONCLUSIONS Catastrophic health expenditure was present in 5.3%, and catastrophic expenditure on medicines in 3.2% of the households. Multi-person households, presence of residents in a situation of economic dependency and belonging to the class D or E had the highest proportion of catastrophic expenditure on medicines. Although the problem is important, permeated by aspects of iniquity, Brazilian policies seem to be protecting families from catastrophic expenditure on health and on medicine.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Catastrophic expenditure on medicines in Brazil

et al. 2016

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“…As well as this research, other studies have also analyzed the use of medicines as a proxy for obtaining these inputs and have shown that the advancement of policies in the qualification of pharmaceutical care has had a positive impact on the Brazilian population's access to medicines. [9][10][11] There are many advances in the area of pharmaceutical care in the country, and the relentless pursuit of improved access to medicines to treat the most prevalent diseases in the population, including hypertension and diabetes. Controlling them these diseases in the population poses a challenge to the health system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and diabetic patients' access to medicines [9][10][11][12][13][14] , however little is known about how socioeconomic disparities manifest themselves in specific subgroups of sex, age group and geographic regions on a national scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilização de anti-hipertensivos e antidiabéticos no Brasil: análise das diferenças socioeconômicas. Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2013

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Lima

Szwarcwald

et al. 2019

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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RESUMO: Objetivos: Avaliar a magnitude de desigualdades socioeconômicas e demográficas da utilização de medicamentos para controle de hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus na população brasileira. Método: Foram analisados dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) conduzida no Brasil em 2013, com amostra representativa da população com idade de 18 anos ou mais. Foi estimada a utilização de medicamentos para hipertensão e diabetes segundo renda, escolaridade, raça, posse de plano de saúde e região de moradia. Também foram estimadas as razões de prevalência ajustadas por sexo e idade, por meio de regressão de Poisson. Resultados: Entre os hipertensos, 81,4% fazem uso de medicamentos para controle da doença, sendo a utilização maior entre as mulheres, os brancos e os que têm plano de saúde. No caso de diabetes mellitus, 80,2% fazem uso de medicamentos para controlar a doença e o uso foi mais elevado entre os pacientes idosos, com maior escolaridade, com plano de saúde e da Região Sudeste. As desigualdades segundo renda e plano de saúde foram de pequena magnitude mesmo nos estratos de sexo, idade e região geográfica analisados. Conclusão: Foi constatada utilização de medicamentos para controle da hipertensão e diabetes que pode ser considerada elevada, e as desigualdades socioeconômicas e regionais desse uso revelaram-se de magnitude não expressiva, em virtude da implementação de políticas farmacêuticas no Brasil, que visam promover maior e mais equânime acesso da população a medicamentos.

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“…The Surveillance System of Risk and Protection Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (VIGITEL) noted that, in the analyzed period (2011-2013), about 60.0% of medicines to control hypertension and more than 70.0% of diabetes medicines were obtained for free by adults (≥ 18 years), whether by the primary healthcare unit or by the Farmácia Popular (Popular Pharmacy Program) 18 . The analysis of the National Survey on Health (PNS 2013) showed that the vast majority of patients using medicines for hypertension has a single source for obtaining them, with about half of the supply of medicines by SUS (whether by public health system’s pharmacies or by the Popular Pharmacy Program), one third exclusively by private pharmacies, and small participation by private health plans 15 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free access to medicines for the treatment of chronic diseases in Brazil

et al. 2016

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OBJECTIVE To analyze the free access to medicines for the treatment of chronic diseases in the Brazilian population, according to demographic and socioeconomic factors. We also analyzed the most used pharmacological groups, according to funding source: free-of-charge or out-of-pocket paid.METHODS Analysis of data from the Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos (PNAUM – National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines), a population-based household survey, of cross-sectional design, based on probabilistic sample of the Brazilian population. We analyzed as outcome the prevalence of free access (free-of-charge) to all medicines for treatment of the reported chronic diseases, in the last 30 days. We studied the following independent variables: sex, age group, education in complete years of school, economic class, health plan, and geographical region of residence. We estimated the prevalences and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and applied the Pearson’s Chi-squared test to assess the differences between the groups, considering a 5% significance level.RESULTS About half of adults and older adults who have had full access to the treatment of chronic diseases in Brazil obtained all needed medicines for free (47.5%; 95%CI 45.1–50.0). The prevalences of free access were higher among men (51.4%; 95%CI 48.1–54.8), age group of 40-59 years (51.1%; 95%CI 48.1–54.2), and in the poorest social classes (53.9%; 95%CI 50.2–57.7). The majority of medicines that act on the cardiovascular system, such as diuretics (C03) (78.0%; 95%CI 75.2–80.5), beta-blockers (C07) (62.7%; 95%CI 59.4–65.8), and the agents that work in the renin-angiotensin system (C09) (73.4%; 95%CI 70.8–75.8), were obtained for free. Medicines that act on the respiratory system, such as agents against obstructive airway diseases (R03) (60.0%; 95%CI 52.7–66.9) were mostly paid with own resources.CONCLUSIONS Free access to medicines for treatment of chronic diseases occurs to a considerable portion of the Brazilian population, especially for the poorest ones, indicating decreased socioeconomic inequalities, but with differences between regions and between some classes of medicines.

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Fontes de obtenção de medicamentos para tratamento de hipertensão arterial no Brasil: análise da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2013

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Catastrophic expenditure on medicines in Brazil

Catastrophic expenditure on medicines in Brazil

Utilização de anti-hipertensivos e antidiabéticos no Brasil: análise das diferenças socioeconômicas. Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2013

Free access to medicines for the treatment of chronic diseases in Brazil

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