“…As such, commuters' reliance on cars is a main contributor to the capacity issues experienced by urban networks (Chapman, 2007). In addition to network problems, residents of urban cities also encounter environmental issues such as noise and air pollution (Stanton et al, 2013). Globally, the need for user-friendly public transport (PT) systems has become crucial to improve mobility in cities and reduce road transports' contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (Uherek et al, 2010).…”