“…However, the most common method used to characterize hyporheic exchange—the analysis of solute tracer breakthrough curves—has failed to identify consistent controls on hyporheic exchange under time‐variable hydrologic conditions [e.g., Ward et al ., ; Payn et al ., ]. To‐date, time‐variable hyporheic exchange has been reported in response to variable base flow conditions [ Ward et al ., ; Payn et al ., ; Ward et al ., ], diel fluctuations in discharge [ Loheide and Lundquist , ; Sawyer and Cardenas , ; Sawyer et al ., ; Wondzell et al ., ], and storm event responses [ Ward et al ., ; Malzone and Lowry , ; Schmadel et al ., ]. Several studies that include high replication in space or through storm events report that observed variations in reach‐scale tracer transport and inferred hyporheic exchange could not be explained by discharge alone [ Wondzell , ; Ward et al ., ; Payn et al ., ; Ward et al ., ].…”